Sergei Mikhailovich Lyapunov |
Sergei Lyapunov
Yug thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 18 (30), 1859 hauv Yaroslavl hauv tsev neeg ntawm astronomer (tus tij laug - Alexander Lyapunov - lej, tus tswv cuab ntawm USSR Academy of Sciences; tus kwv yau - Boris Lyapunov - Slavic philologist, kws qhia ntawv ntawm USSR Academy of Sciences. Kev tshawb fawb). Nyob rau hauv 1873-1878 nws kawm nyob rau hauv cov chav kawm suab paj nruag ntawm Nizhny Novgorod ceg ntawm lub Imperial Lavxias teb sab suab paj nruas Society nrog tus naas ej xib fwb V.Yu.Villuan. Nyob rau hauv 1883 nws kawm tiav los ntawm Moscow Conservatory nrog ib tug kub puav pheej nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg los ntawm SI Taneyev thiab piano los ntawm PA Pabst. Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo 1880s, Lyapunov txoj kev mob siab rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kws sau ntawv ntawm Mighty Handful, tshwj xeeb yog MA Balakirev thiab AP Borodin, hnub rov qab los. Vim li no, nws tsis lees txais qhov kev lees paub los ua tus kws qhia ntawv hauv Moscow Conservatory thiab tsiv mus rau St. Petersburg thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo 1885, dhau los ua cov tub ntxhais kawm siab tshaj plaws thiab tus phooj ywg ntawm Balakirev.
Qhov kev cuam tshuam no tau ua pov thawj rau tag nrho Lyapunov txoj haujlwm sau; Nws tuaj yeem taug qab ob qho tib si hauv kev sau cov suab paj nruag thiab hauv kev ntxhib los mos ntawm nws cov piano ua haujlwm, uas txuas ntxiv cov kab lus tshwj xeeb ntawm Lavxias teb sab virtuoso pianism (cultivated los ntawm Balakirev, nws tso siab rau cov tswv yim ntawm Liszt thiab Chopin). Los ntawm 1890 Lyapunov qhia ntawm Nikolaev Cadet Corps, nyob rau hauv 1894-1902 nws yog tus pab tswj ntawm lub Tsev Hais Plaub Choir. Tom qab ntawd nws tau ua tus pianist thiab tus neeg xyuas pib (xws li txawv teb chaws), kho ua ke nrog Balakirev qhov ua tiav tag nrho ntawm Glinka cov haujlwm rau lub sijhawm ntawd. Los ntawm 1908 nws yog tus thawj coj ntawm Tsev Kawm Ntawv Dawb Music; nyob rau hauv 1910-1923 nws yog ib tug xib fwb ntawm lub St. Petersburg Conservatory, qhov chaw uas nws qhia piano, thiab los ntawm 1917 kuj muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab counterpoint; txij li xyoo 1919 - xibfwb ntawm Lub Tsev Kawm Txuj Ci Txuj Ci. Nyob rau hauv 1923 nws mus ncig xyuas txawv teb chaws, tuav ob peb concerts nyob rau hauv Paris.
Nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim cuab yeej cuab tam ntawm Lyapunov, lub ntsiab qhov chaw yog nyob rau hauv orchestral tej hauj lwm (ob symphonies, symphonic paj huam) thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog piano tej hauj lwm - ob concertos thiab ib Rhapsody ntawm Ukrainian ntsiab lus rau piano thiab orchestra thiab ntau plays ntawm ntau hom, feem ntau ua ke rau hauv opus. cycles (preludes, waltzes, mazurkas, variations, kev tshawb fawb, thiab lwm yam); Nws kuj tau tsim ob peb romances, feem ntau yog cov lus ntawm Lavxias teb sab classical poets, thiab ib tug xov tooj ntawm sab ntsuj plig hu nkauj. Raws li ib tug tswv cuab ntawm Lavxias teb sab Geographical Society, nyob rau hauv 1893 tus composer tau mus nrog folklorist FM Istomin mus rau ib tug xov tooj ntawm sab qaum teb lub xeev los sau cov pej xeem cov nkauj, uas tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv lub sau nkauj ntawm Lavxias teb sab neeg (1899; tom qab ntawd tus composer tau npaj rau. ntau zaj nkauj rau lub suab thiab piano). Lyapunov's style, yos rov qab mus rau thaum ntxov (1860s-1870s) theem ntawm Tsev Kawm Ntawv Lavxias Tshiab, yog me ntsis anachronistic, tab sis txawv los ntawm kev coj dawb huv thiab kev nom kev tswv.
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