Ib nrab suab |
ib nrab tones (German Teiltцne, Partialtцne, Fabkis partieles cov tub, lus Askiv ib nrab lub suab) - overtones uas yog ib feem ntawm cov suab paj nruag. suab, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm lub timbre ntawm lub suab. Txhua yam ntawm lawv tshwm sim los ntawm sinusoidal oscillations ntawm daim ntawv yooj yim. qhov chaw ntawm lub cev lub suab (piv txwv li, 1/2, 1/3, thiab lwm yam ntawm cov hlua ntawm txoj hlua). Nyob rau hauv lub suab paj nruag, tsuas yog lub suab, raws li Krom lub suab yog txiav txim, xyaum muaj ob peb. Ch. t.; lawv sib koom ua ke rau hauv ib qho tag nrho, lawv tuaj yeem hnov (xws li pob ntseg) tsuas yog nrog kev saib xyuas lossis kev pab ntawm cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb acoustic. lim. Los ntawm pob ntseg Ch. t. yog suab yooj yim; lawv yog characterized by suab thiab nrov. Paub qhov txawv ntawm harmonica. Ch. t. (harmonics), correlating nrog ib leeg nyob rau hauv zaus raws li ib tug series ntawm natural tooj - 1, 2, 3, 4, thiab lwm yam. cua los ntawm cua twj), thiab inharmonic. Ch. t., cov zaus uas muaj feem cuam tshuam los ntawm k.-l. Cov ntsiab lus sib txawv (piv txwv li, cov twj paj nruag percussion tuaj yeem muaj qhov sib piv xws li 1, 32, 52, 72, thiab lwm yam). Ch. t., nyob saum lub ntsiab. tones, hu ua overtones; nyob rau hauv txoj kev xav ntawm acoustics, muaj lub tswvyim ntawm untertons, uas characterizes lub frequencies ntawm lub t., nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub ntsiab. suab nrov. Nyob rau hauv harmonic. intervals, chords, consonances, kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm Ch. t. coj mus rau kev tsim ib qho ntxiv. overtones (tones ntawm coincidence, ua ke tones ntawm qhov sib txawv, thiab lwm yam), qee zaum distorting kev sib haum xeeb, mus rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm beats - periodic. hloov nyob rau hauv lub ntim ntawm tag nrho cov suab. Hauv kev ua. Hauv kev xyaum, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib cais lub suab dub los ntawm lub suab dav dav siv dav - kev sib haum xeeb.
References: Garbuzov HA, Natural overtones thiab lawv lub ntsiab lus sib haum xeeb, hauv phau ntawv: Kev Ua Haujlwm ntawm HYMN. Sat. Works of the Commission on Musical Acoustics, vol. 1, Moscow, 1925; nws, Harmonic hloov kho ntawm chords los ntawm ntuj overtones, ibid., vol. 2, M., 1929; ib. nws tus kheej, Zone xwm ntawm timbre hnov, M., 1956; Suab paj nruag acoustics, M.-L., 1940, M., 1954; Korsunsky SG, Influence ntawm lub spectrum ntawm perceived suab ntawm nws qhov siab, nyob rau hauv Sat: Teeb meem ntawm physiological acoustics, vol. 2, M.-L., 1950; Nazaikinsky EV, Rags Yu. N., Kev nkag siab ntawm cov suab paj nruag timbres thiab lub ntsiab lus ntawm tus kheej kev sib haum xeeb ntawm lub suab, hauv kev sau: Kev siv cov kev tshawb fawb acoustic hauv suab paj nruag, M., 1964; Volodin AA, Lub luag hauj lwm ntawm lub harmonic spectrum nyob rau hauv kev xaav ntawm suab thiab timbre ntawm lub suab, nyob rau hauv: Suab paj nruag Art thiab Science, vol. 1, M., 1970; Meyer E., Buchmann G., Die Klangspektren der Musikinstrumente, B., 1931.
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