Music notation

Cov ntawv sau yog ib hom suab paj nruag uas tso cai rau cov kws ntaus nkauj sib txuas lus yam tsis muaj teeb meem. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau hais raws nraim thaum nws pib siv tiag tiag, tab sis thawj cov ntawv sau tau txawv ntawm cov neeg paub peb niaj hnub no.

Qhov tseeb hais tias niaj hnub no peb muaj qhov tseeb heev thiab cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws suab paj nruag yog vim cov txheej txheem ntev ntawm kev tsim cov suab paj nruag. Qhov no thawj zaug paub thiab sau ntawv sau los ntawm cov txiv plig, vim hais tias nws yog nyob rau hauv monastic choirs uas nws pom nws thawj siv. Nws yog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov peb paub niaj hnub no, thiab qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb yog tias nws yog linearless. Kuj hu ua cheironomic notation, thiab nws tsis yog heev. Nws tsuas yog roughly qhia txog lub suab ntawm ib lub suab. Nws tau siv los sau cov lus Roman qub hu ua Gregorian thiab nws keeb kwm hnub rov qab mus rau xyoo pua 300. 1250 xyoo tom qab, cheironomic notation tau hloov los ntawm diastematic notation, uas txhais lub suab ntawm lub suab los ntawm kev sib txawv vertically kev faib ntawm neumes. Nws twb tau meej dua thiab nws tseem yog qhov dav dav hauv kev sib raug zoo rau niaj hnub no. Thiab yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los, cov lus qhia ntxaws ntxiv tau pib tshwm sim, uas tau txiav txim siab zoo dua lub sijhawm uas tshwm sim ntawm ob tus neeg sau ntawv thiab tus nqi sib dhos, uas tau pib hu ua daim ntawv ntev thiab luv luv. Los ntawm XNUMX, cov lus hais txog kev coj noj coj ua tau pib tsim, uas twb tau txiav txim siab txog cov ntawv sau uas paub rau peb niaj hnub no. Qhov kev tawg yog siv cov kab uas sau ntawv tau muab tso rau. Thiab ntawm no nws tau raug sim rau ntau xyoo lawm. Muaj ob kab, plaub, thiab koj tuaj yeem pom lub sijhawm hauv keeb kwm uas qee tus ntawm yim tau sim ua suab paj nruag. Lub xyoo pua kaum peb yog qhov pib ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm peb paub niaj hnub no. Tau kawg, qhov tseeb tias peb muaj staves tsis tau txhais hais tias txawm tias cov ntaub ntawv no yog qhov tseeb raws li niaj hnub no.

Yuav ua li cas, qhov tseeb, xws li cov suab paj nruag uas paub rau peb niaj hnub no tau pib zoo nkaus li nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua XNUMX thiab XNUMXth. Nws yog thaum ntawd, nrog rau kev vam meej ntawm cov suab paj nruag, uas cov cim qhia paub rau peb los ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm niaj hnub pib tshwm sim. Yog li clefts, chromatic marks, lub sij hawm kos npe, bar kab, dynamics thiab articulation markings, phrasing, tempo markings thiab, ntawm chav kawm, nco thiab so qhov tseem ceeb pib tshwm rau cov neeg ua haujlwm. Cov suab paj nruag feem ntau yog treble clef thiab bass clef. Nws yog tsuas yog siv thaum ua si cov twj paj nruag xws li: piano, piano, accordion, organ lossis synthesizer. Ntawm chav kawm, nrog rau kev txhim kho ntawm tus kheej cov twj paj nruag, nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv kom meej, tib neeg pib tsim couchets rau cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb. Lub tenor, ob npaug ntses bass thaj tsam, soprano thiab alto clefs yog siv rau ib pab pawg neeg ntawm cov twj paj nruag thiab raug kho rau lub suab ntawm ib lub suab paj nruag muab. Xws li ib qho txawv me ntsis yog sau rau percussion. Ntawm no, tus kheej cov twj paj nruag ntawm cov khoom siv nruas raug cim rau ntawm thaj chaw tshwj xeeb lossis cov staves, thaum lub nruas clef zoo li lub elongated nqaim duab plaub khiav los ntawm sab saum toj mus rau hauv qab.

Ntawm chav kawm, txawm niaj hnub no, ntau cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws thiab cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws dua yog siv. Xws li, piv txwv li: tsawg dua cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws tuaj yeem pom hauv cov suab paj nruag sau tseg rau jazz bands. Muaj feem ntau tsuas yog cov primer thiab thiaj li hu ua phaus, uas yog daim ntawv ntawm chord uas muab motif raws li. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias nyob rau hauv no hom ntawm cov suab paj nruag ib tug loj ib feem ntawm nws yog improvisation, uas yuav tsis raug sau kom raug. Tsis tas li ntawd, txhua improvisation yuav txawv ntawm ib leeg. Txawm hais tias muaj ntau hom kev sau ntawv, nws yog classical lossis, piv txwv li, jazz, tsis muaj qhov tsis ntseeg tias cov ntawv sau yog ib qho kev tsim zoo tshaj plaws ua tsaug rau cov kws ntaus nkauj, txawm tias nyob deb ntawm lub ntiaj teb, tuaj yeem sib txuas lus.