Zaj Lus Qhia 6

Nov yog qhov kawg thiab, tej zaum, zaj lus qhia nthuav dav tshaj plaws ntawm chav kawm. Ntawm no koj tuaj yeem muab cov kev paub uas tau txais los rau hauv kev xyaum. Piv txwv li, xaiv lub suab paj nruag twg yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau koj kawm, los yog kawm ib yam dab tsi tshiab txog kev paub cov cuab yeej koj twb ua si lawm.

Tsis tas li ntawd, hauv zaj lus qhia no koj yuav pom cov ntawv txuas mus rau cov phau ntawv thiab cov yeeb yaj kiab qhia uas yuav ua rau nws yooj yim dua rau koj los ua thawj kauj ruam hauv kev paub txog cov cuab yeej suab paj nruag uas nyiam.

Peb pom zoo kom nyeem txog tag nrho cov twj paj nruag, txawm tias koj twb tau txiav txim siab rau koj cov kev nyiam suab paj nruag. Qhov no yuav nthuav koj lub qab ntug thiab ua kom yooj yim rau kev cuam tshuam nrog lwm tus kws ntaus nkauj yog tias koj xav ua si hauv ib pab pawg.

Lub cuab yeej twg xaiv

Yog tias koj xav kawm ntaus suab paj nruag tab sis tsis paub qhov twg, kawm ntaus guitar lossis violin. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub twg nws yuav yooj yim dua rau coj lawv mus rau hauv av hauv av dua li lub piano lossis lub nruas, yog li kev khwv nyiaj ntawm cov txuj ci yuav yooj yim dua los ntawm kev koom tes ntawm kev pom. Qhov no yog, ntawm chav kawm, ib tug tso dag. Tiag tiag, lub piano yog tus huab tais ntawm cov twj paj nruag. Lub piano yog suav hais tias yog hom piano tseem ceeb, thiab nws yog lub piano uas tau pom zoo rau thawj zaug kev qhia suab paj nruag rau menyuam yaus.

Piano thiab Piano

Thawj piano tau sib sau ua ke los ntawm Italian harpsichord maker Bartolomeo Cristofori nyob rau hauv 1709. Niaj hnub no, muaj ntau ntau yam ntawm pianoforte. Cov no yog cov twj paj nruag nrog cov hlua kab rov tav hauv lub cev, uas suav nrog lub piano loj thiab quadrangular piano, thiab cov twj paj nruag nrog cov hlua ntsug hauv lub cev, uas suav nrog piano, piano lyre, piano buffet thiab lwm yam kev hloov kho ntawm lub ntsuas.

Nws yog qhov tsim nyog los ua thawj kauj ruam hauv kev ua suab paj nruag raws li kev qhia ntawm tus kws qhia ntawv. Ua ntej, koj yuav xav tau cov lus qhia lossis kev pabcuam ntawm tus kws tshaj lij los kho koj cov cuab yeej suab paj nruag. Koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas seb koj qhov ntsuas tau zoo npaum li cas los ntawm kev siv Pano Tuner app los ntawm kev tso cai rau lub app nkag mus rau lub microphone. Qhov no yog qhov nws zoo li kev siv interface:

Cia peb qhia meej tias los ntawm lub neej ntawd ib qho tuner rau cov twj paj nruag yog preset ntawm ib zaus ntawm 440 Hz, uas sib raug rau daim ntawv "la" ntawm 1st octave. Cov lus ceeb toom tseem ceeb yog paub rau koj los ntawm thawj zaj lus qhia, yog li ntawd, los ntawm nias ib qho tseem ceeb, koj tuaj yeem nkag siab yooj yim seb nws puas yog daim ntawv, thiab daim ntawv ntsuab saum toj saud Latin yuav qhia rau koj paub yog tias lub suab sib txawv nyob hauv. qhov siv tau los yog qhov ntsuas xav tau kev rov ua haujlwm loj. Rov qab rov ua li cas cov piano keyboard sau ntawv:

Thiab qhov thib ob yog vim li cas yog vim li cas thawj zaug mastering ntawm lub suab paj nruag yuav tsum tau pib nyob rau hauv tus kheej saib xyuas ntawm tus kws qhia ntawv. Nrog rau tag nrho cov khoom siv suab paj nruag ntau hauv Is Taws Nem, raws li cov kws tshaj lij hais tias, lawv yuav tsis tuaj yeem "tso koj txhais tes rau hauv absentia" kom koj ua si kom raug thiab tsis txhob nkees.

Kev tswj tus kheej ntawm no kuj tsis zoo li yuav pab tau, vim hais tias ib tug novice pianist tsis tas li pom tau tias nws yuav tsum tswj hwm li cas. Ntxiv mus, tsis yog txhua qhov YouTube video tutorials, txawm tias npaj tau zoo heev, them nyiaj rau kev tso tes. Los yog tsawg kawg lawv ceeb toom koj tias ob txhais tes yuav tsum kwv yees li ntawm txoj hauj lwm uas nws yooj yim tuav, tab sis tsis nyem lub kua.

Yog tias nws tsis tuaj yeem mus rau tus kws qhia ntawv txawm tias yuav kawm online, kawm ua ntej cov lus qhia ntawm qhov haum thiab qhov chaw ntawm tes, uas tau muab los ntawm tus sau phau ntawv "Ib zaug ntxiv txog piano" [M. Moskalenko, 2007]. Kom meej meej, koj tuaj yeem kawm ib zaj lus qhia tshwj xeeb ntawm kev tsaws ntawm qhov ntsuas thiab teeb tsa tes. Interestingly, nws los thib ob hauv chav kawm, tab sis yog koj kawm ua ntej, Kuv xav tias tus sau yuav tsis ua rau kuv chim:

Tom qab ntawd, pib kawm tus kheej ntawm cov tshooj lus pom hauv Internet. Xav tias koj twb yuav luag ua tiav peb cov chav kawm ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub suab paj nruag txoj kev xav, koj tuaj yeem ua raws li cov lus qhia tam sim ntawd pib nrog kev tsim chords. Thiab koj tuaj yeem ua qhov no:

Tsis tas li ntawd, koj tuaj yeem pom zoo rau tus kheej paub txog "Piano Playing Tutorial", uas koj tuaj yeem hloov kho qhov kev paub txog suab paj nruag txoj kev xav hauv kev cuam tshuam nrog lub suab paj nruag no [D. Tishchenko, 2011]. Koj twb paub ntau, vim. peb pib maj mam paub nrog cov twj paj nruag keyboard hauv tshooj 1. Thiab yog tias koj poob nrog kev xaiv ntawm cov khoom siv twg koj yuav tsum xyaum koj cov kev txawj suab paj nruag, peb tuaj yeem qhia "Ntev Neeg Txawv Tebchaws Ntaus hauv Kev Yooj Yim rau Piano" [K. Herold, 2016].

Rau cov neeg uas tsis muaj qhov chaw tso lub piano hauv tsev lossis leej twg xav paub qee yam tshiab ntawm cov keyboard suab, peb xav kom pib kawm yuav ua li cas ua si cov khoom siv.

Synthesizer

Raws li qhov tseeb tias cov suab paj nruag hluav taws xob yog nyob rau hauv kev zam niaj hnub no, thiab pop thiab pob zeb bands feem ntau siv cov khoom siv los ua cov cuab yeej txhawb nqa, peb xav kom paub nws zoo dua. Tsis zoo li ib qho piv txwv piano, tus qauv synthesizer's keyboard spans 5 octaves es tsis txhob 7. Hauv lwm lo lus, yog hais tias lub piano qhov ntau yog los ntawm contra-octave mus rau plaub octave, lub synthesizer qhov ntau yog los ntawm qhov loj mus rau peb octave.

Yog tias tsim nyog, koj tuaj yeem hloov pauv (transpose) tus yuam sij ntawm cov keyboard thiab tau txais ntawm koj pov tseg qhov ploj lawm thib plaub octave (yog tias hloov pauv) lossis counteroctave (yog tias hloov pauv). Lub suab tag nrho yuav nyob twj ywm tib yam, piv txwv li 5 octaves, tab sis yuav npog qhov ntau los ntawm lub txee octave mus rau lub thib ob octave, los yog los ntawm lub me octave mus rau plaub.

Muaj cov qauv ntawm cov synthesizers rau tsuas yog 3-4 octaves, tab sis lawv tsis tshua muaj thiab tsis muaj feem xyuam rau kev xyaum. Hais txog hais lus, tus neeg hu nkauj Ani Lorak, nrog nws qhov ntau ntawm 4,5 octaves, yuav tsis muaj cov cuab yeej no txaus txawm tias hu nkauj thiab ua kom sov nws lub suab.

Muaj ntau ntau cov lus qhia hauv Is Taws Nem los pab cov neeg ntaus suab paj nruag pib. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los xaiv cov kev kawm uas cov khoom siv tau los ntawm kev yooj yim mus rau txoj kev nyuaj. Qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws yog thaum kev cob qhia nrog cov lus qhia luv luv txog kev siv hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov haujlwm ntxiv dab tsi, ntxiv rau kev ua si suab paj nruag, muaj nyob ntawd. Piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem kawm chav kawm dawb uas qhia koj yuav ua li cas ua si thiab ua haujlwm nrog kev ua haujlwm Yamaha PSR-2000/2100 synthesizer:

Muaj tag nrho ntawm 8 zaj lus qhia hauv chav kawm no, suav nrog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev xav suab paj nruag hauv kev cuam tshuam nrog kev ua si ntawm cov neeg siv khoom sib txuas, thiab cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas feem ntau lwm cov twj paj nruag tsis muaj. Piv txwv li, synthesizers thiab digital pianos muaj qhov pib ua ke nrog.

Yog tias koj xav kawm yuav ua li cas ua si cov twj paj nruag keyboard, tab sis ib qho uas koj tuaj yeem nqa nrog koj mus rau tog lossis mus ntsib, xaiv lub accordion.

accordion

Lub accordion yog ib qho cuab yeej uas nyiam los ntawm ntau tiam neeg ntawm Europeans thiab Russians. Nws tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 1829 los ntawm Austrian lub cev tsim khoom ntawm Armenian keeb kwm Kirill Demyan, thiab nws cov tub Guido thiab Karl tau pab nws hauv qhov no.

Rau peb cov pog yawg thiab yawm txiv, nws tau hloov cov suab paj nruag nrog tag nrho cov pab pawg ntawm kev seev cev vim tsis muaj cov koom haum nyob deb nroog. Nyob ntawm tus qauv, khawm sab laug ntawm lub accordion tuaj yeem ua cov ntawv bass thaj tsam lossis txawm tias tag nrho chords. Qhov tseeb, qhov no yog lub npe ntawm cov cuab yeej "accordion" los ntawm. Qhov ntau ntawm sab laug ntawm cov qauv feem ntau yog los ntawm "fa" ntawm contra octave mus rau daim ntawv "mi" ntawm lub loj octave.

Cov keyboard nyob rau ntawm lub accordion ntawm sab xis, piv txwv li nyob rau hauv lub accordionist sab tes xis, zoo li ib tug piano keyboard. Qhov ntsuas ntawm feem ntau accordion qauv pib nrog "fa" ntawm lub me me octave thiab ntes cov ntawv "la" ntawm 3rd octave. Cov qauv 45-qhov tseem ceeb ua si nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm "mi" ntawm ib qho me me octave, sau ib daim ntawv "rau" 4th octave thiab muaj lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Cov npe Bassoon txo qis qhov ntau los ntawm ib qho octave, lub npe Piccolo nce qhov ntau los ntawm ib qho octave.

Nws yog qhov zoo dua los pib kawm ua si accordion nrog tus kws qhia ntawv, tab sis yog tias koj muaj qee qhov kev paub nrog cov keyboards, koj tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ntawm koj tus kheej. Piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem pom YouTube video tutorials:

Thiab phau ntawv "Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Kev Ua Si accordion" [G. Naumov, L. Londonov, 1977]. Yog tias koj xav qhia cov menyuam yaus txog cov cuab yeej zoo no, peb xav kom phau ntawv "Kev Kawm Ua Si Cov Ntawv Sau: Ib qho kev kawm thawj zaug hauv kev ua si accordion rau menyuam yaus" [L. Bitkova, 2016].

accordion

Lub suab paj nruag zoo li lub accordion, tsuas yog nrog cov nyees khawm es tsis txhob ntawm cov yuam sij ntawm sab xis, hu ua khawm accordion. Cov qauv ntau yam yog qhov loj heev: sab xis tuaj yeem muaj los ntawm 3 mus rau 6 kab ntawm cov nyees khawm, sab laug - 5-6 kab ntawm cov nyees khawm. Koj tuaj yeem tau txais ib lub tswv yim dav dav ntawm kev ua si qhov ntsuas los ntawm kev saib qhia video los ntawm youtube:

Muaj ntau cov ntaub ntawv muaj txiaj ntsig tuaj yeem khaws tau los ntawm phau ntawv "Kev Qhia rau kev ua si khawm accordion" [A. Basurmanov, 1989]. Muaj cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov suab paj nruag nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo rau qhov ntsuas thiab suab paj nruag rau nws tus kheej kawm. Thiab peb yuav txuas ntxiv kom paub txog cov twj paj nruag uas xav tau ntau tshaj plaws.

Guitar, hluav taws xob guitar, bass guitar

Tau kawg, guitar yog ib qho ntawm cov cuab yeej nrov tshaj plaws thiab nyiam tshaj plaws. Lub guitar tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog kev sib hlub thiab kev ua phem, kev nyuaj siab thiab pob zeb, cov suab paj nruag hauv tsev thiab cov pop ubiquitous. Lub forerunners ntawm lub guitar - stringed plucked instruments nrog ib tug resonating lub cev - tau paub txij li thaum xyoo pua 2nd BC.

Ib yam dab tsi zoo ib yam li niaj hnub ntaus guitar tuaj yeem pom hauv cov duab ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam ntawm ntau pua xyoo dhau los. Piv txwv li, hauv daim duab ntawm tus kws kos duab Dutch Jan Vermeer "Guitarist", hnub tim 1672. Ntawm lub taub hau ntawm caj dab, koj tuaj yeem pom 6 pegs - cov khoom siv rau txuas 6 txoj hlua. Ntawm no reproduction ntawm no painting:

Muaj ntau ntau tus qauv ntawm classical acoustic guitar tsim hnub no. Ntawm no nws tsim nyog ua ib qho kev qhia me me. Qee lub sij hawm muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm qhov uas suav tias yog ib qho acoustic guitar thiab dab tsi yog classic. Raws li txoj cai, txhua lub guitar nrog lub hollow soundboard (lub cev) yog ib qho acoustic guitar. Qhov no yog ib tug classic guitar qauv. Txawm li cas los xij, cov lus feem ntau siv los paub qhov txawv ntawm ntau hom guitars.

tsis tu ncua guitars tsis muaj ntxiv suab amplification:

Ib zaug ntxiv, peb qhia meej tias qhov kev faib tawm no yog kev cai. Ntxiv rau cov hom no, muaj hluav taws xob guitars thiab bass guitars. Lub bass guitar yog qhov tseem ceeb tib yam li lub guitar hluav taws xob, nws siv tib lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev nthuav dav, tab sis cov ntsiab lus sib txawv kuj siv los sib txawv.

Guitars nrog ntxiv suab amplification:

Electro-acoustic guitar visually zoo nkaus li zoo li ib lub guitar li niaj zaus, tab sis muaj ib lub qhov rau txuas mus rau lub suab nrov combo amplifier, hu ua "combo" ntawm cov guitarists. Cov tsoos 6-txoj hlua hluav taws xob guitar yog hom guitar feem ntau. Bass guitar - tib lub guitar hluav taws xob, tab sis nrog lub suab qis (octave qis) suab bass thaj tsam.

Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub suab, ob peb lo lus yuav tsum tau hais txog lub guitar tuning. Tus qauv guitar tuning yog thaum 6 txoj hlua los ntawm qhov tuab tshaj plaws mus rau qhov thinnest yog kho rau cov ntawv E, A, D, G, B, E. Koj twb paub tias cov no yog cov ntawv "mi", "la", "re" , "sol" "si", "mi". Qhov txawv ntawm "tuab" thiab "nyias" E hlua yog ob octaves. Nws yuav zoo yog tias koj kawm thiab nco ntsoov qhov chaw ntawm sau ntawv ntawm lub guitar fretboard:

Nyob rau hauv ib tug bass guitar, 4 txoj hlua los ntawm thickest mus rau thinnest yog tuned raws nraim li qhov no rau E, A, D, G, tab sis ib qho octave qis dua ntawm cov pa hluav taws xob guitar. Kev kho ntawm 5-txoj hlua thiab 6-txoj hlua basses nyob ntawm seb sab twg cov hlua ntxiv los ntawm. Cov hlua ntxiv sab sauv (thicker) yog kho rau daim ntawv "si", qhov qis dua (thinner) rau daim ntawv "ua". Muaj cov qauv ntawm basses rau 7, 8, 10 thiab 12 hlua, tab sis lawv tsis tshua muaj, yog li peb yuav tsis xav txog lawv.

Yuav sau ntawv guitar li cas? Qhov no tsis nyuaj, vim. qhov chaw ntawm cov ntawv sau rau ntawm fretboard ua raws li cov cai. Ua ntej, ib txoj hlua nias ntawm 5th fret suab ntawm tib daim ntawv raws li qhib (tsis clamped) hlua hauv qab nws.

Hauv lwm lo lus, yog tias koj nias lub 6th (hnyav tshaj) txoj hlua ntawm 5th fret, nws yuav suab ntawm daim ntawv "A" hauv kev sib koom nrog txoj hlua hauv qab no. Yog tias koj nias txoj hlua thib 5 ntawm qhov 5th fret, nws yuav suab rau ntawm daim ntawv "D" nyob rau hauv unison nrog qhib 4 txoj hlua. Qhov kev zam yog txoj hlua thib 3. Yuav kom tau txais lub suab ntawm 2nd qhib hlua, koj yuav tsum tuav txoj hlua thib 3 ntawm 4th fret. Los ntawm txoj kev, cov tswv ntawm lub pob ntseg zoo rau cov suab paj nruag qhib lub guitar los ntawm pob ntseg hauv 5th fret. Txhawm rau kom yooj yim, peb tau cim lub tswv yim no ntawm daim duab:

Tus qauv thib ob yog kev sau ntawv nrog tsab ntawv "G". Koj tuaj yeem pom tib daim ntawv octave siab dua yog tias koj thim rov qab 2 frets ntawm lub cev ntawm lub guitar thiab 2 txoj hlua nqes. Qhov no yog ib qho qauv rau 4-6 txoj hlua. Ntawm txoj hlua thib 3, koj yuav tsum tau thim 3 txoj hlua ntawm lub cev thiab 2 txoj hlua nqes. Qhov no yog ib qho qauv rau 1-3 txoj hlua. Tshawb nrhiav daim duab hauv qab no:

Cia peb lub ntsej muag cov qauv yooj yim ntawm kev teeb tsa ntawm cov ntawv sau ntawm lub guitar fretboard:

Tam sim no koj paub tseeb tias txhua txoj hlua yuav tsum suab ntawm txhua qhov kev ntxhov siab. Los ntawm txoj kev, nws yog qhov zoo dua los hloov cov hlua rau cov tshiab ua ntej pib kawm, tshwj tsis yog tias koj lub guitar yog ncaj qha los ntawm lub khw, qhov chaw lawv muab cov hlua tshiab nrog koj los yog tsawg kawg ua kom lawv "kab kab". Cov kab lus "kom nyob twj ywm" txhais tau hais tias lawv tuaj yeem kho tau thiab lub suab guitar tuaj yeem ua si rau qee lub sijhawm yam tsis muaj kev kho.

Qhov zaus ntawm kev hloov kho tom ntej yog nyob ntawm tus yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua si: qhov kev txhoj puab heev, qhov system nrawm dua. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm tias ib lub lim tiam tsis ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas qhov system thiab hloov kho. Thiab ib lub guitar uas tau tso rau ntawm mezzanine rau 2-3 xyoos yuav tsum tau hloov cov hlua yog tias koj xav tau lub suab qub.

Txhawm rau hloov kho, koj tuaj yeem siv daim ntawv thov tshwj xeeb Guitar Tuna los ntawm rub tawm los ntawm Google Play thiab tso cai rau nkag mus rau lub microphone. Koj tsuas yog kov txoj hlua thiab tos lub beep, txawm tias nws tau hloov mus rau lub suab zoo lossis tsis yog. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, koj tuaj yeem tswj cov txheej txheem tuning ntawm qhov ntsuas, qhov twg qhov kev tso cai sib txawv yuav raug qhia. Saib ntawm daim duab hauv qab no, koj tam sim nkag siab tias E txoj hlua ntawm lub guitar tsis tau kho raws nraim thiab yuav tsum tau kho kom zoo:

Tab sis txoj hlua A yog tuned raws nraim thiab tsis xav tau kev hloov kho:

Kev kho kom zoo yog ua tiav los ntawm kev tig lub pegs ntawm lub taub hau: tig kom txog thaum koj hnov ​​​​cov suab nrov nrov thiab pom cov cim kos ntawm lub vijtsam. Thiab tam sim no rau qhov kev ua si.

Nws yog qhov zoo dua los pib kawm raws li kev qhia ntawm tus kws qhia paub txog, thiab tsis yog tus neeg uas ua si zoo dua koj. Tus kws qhia paub txog yuav ua li cas "tso tes" kom raug, thiab yuav pab kom tsis txhob ua yuam kev loj hauv kev tsaws thiab teeb tsa tes. Los ntawm txoj kev, txhais tes yuav tsum yog tib yam li thaum ua si piano, yuav ua li cas tuav lub kua, tab sis nyem nws.

Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thib ob: tus ntiv tes me me yuav tsum tsis txhob "tawm" lossis "ncauj" hauv qab bar, txawm tias nws zoo li koj tias nws yooj yim dua.

Thiab, thaum kawg, nws yog qhov zoo dua rau kev mob siab rau thawj zaj lus qhia rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm sab tes xis, thiab tsis txhob siv sab laug tes hauv zaj lus qhia thib 1 txhua. Tsawg kawg, cov txheej txheem no tau ua raws li ntau tus kws qhia ntawv thaum ua haujlwm nrog menyuam yaus.

Yog tias koj xav ua txhua yam koj tus kheej, suav nrog kev kawm ntaus guitar, hauv YouTube koj tuaj yeem nrhiav tutorial video:

Ntxiv mus, qee tus kws qhia ntawv qee zaum muaj chav kawm online dawb rau cov neeg pib tshiab, txawm li cas los xij, thawj zaug, kev tso npe ua ntej yuav tsum muaj, thiab qhov thib ob, qhov kev qhia feem ntau txwv rau lub sijhawm. Peb ib zaug muaj hmoo tau pom cov chav kawm dawb "Guitar hauv 7 hnub", tab sis koj yuav tsum tau mus xyuas qhov chaw no tsis tu ncua thiab tej zaum koj yuav muaj hmoo heev.

Los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, peb tuaj yeem pom zoo phau ntawv "Guitar for Dummies" [M. Philips, D. Chappel, 2008]. Rau cov uas xav ua tus tswv lub guitar hluav taws xob, peb tuaj yeem qhia "Electric Guitar Playing Tutorial", uas yog nrog rau chav kawm suab [D. Ageev, 2017]. Tib tus kws sau ntawv tau npaj rau koj "Cov Lus Qhia Ua tiav rau Guitar Chords" [D. Ageev, 2015]. Thiab, thaum kawg, rau yav tom ntej bass guitarists, "School-tutorial ntawm kev ua si bass guitar" [L. Morgen, 1983]. Tom ntej no, peb txuas ntxiv lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov hlua khi.

Violin

Lwm nrov stringed instrument, tab sis twb los ntawm lub bowed pab pawg neeg, yog lub violin. Cov tsos, zoo li ze li sai tau rau niaj hnub no, tau txais los ntawm violin hauv xyoo pua 16th. Lub violin muaj 4 txoj hlua, sib txuas mus rau "sol" ntawm me me octave, "re" ntawm 1st octave, "la" ntawm 1st octave, "mi" ntawm 2nd octave. Yog tias koj suav cov ntu ntu, koj tuaj yeem pom tias qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntawv ntawm cov hlua uas nyob ib sab yog 7 semitones, piv txwv li thib tsib.

Cov neeg uas xav kawm ntaus nkauj violin yuav tsum pib kawm raws li kev qhia ntawm tus kws qhia paub txog, vim hais tias ntawm no nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tsis yog tsuas yog "tso koj ob txhais tes", tab sis kuj tuav lub hneev kom raug thiab tuav lub ntsuas kom ruaj ntseg ntawm koj lub xub pwg nyom. Rau cov neeg uas xav mus kawm ntawm lawv tus kheej, peb tuaj yeem pom zoo cov lus qhia luv luv ntawm ob peb feeb, uas pib nrog ib qho dav dav. kom paub qhov instrument:

Ntawm cov phau ntawv, "Violin Playing Tutorial" yuav pab tau [E. Zhelnova, 2007]. Tsis tas li ntawd, koj tuaj yeem nyeem phau ntawv "Kuv lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm kev ua si nkauj laus ncas", uas tau sau los ntawm tus kws ntaus nkauj ua yeeb yam nto moo ntawm xyoo 19th - thaum ntxov xyoo pua 20th Leopold Auer thiab uas tseem cuam tshuam rau niaj hnub no [L. Aws, 1965]. Raws li tus kws sau ntawv, nws tau txiav txim siab los tsim cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau kev xyaum ua nkauj ua yeeb yam thiab qhia nws tus kheej kev paub.

Cua tshuab

Ib pawg loj ntawm cov twj paj nruag yog cov twj paj nruag cua. Lawv keeb kwm rov qab mus rau 5 txhiab xyoo. Ntawm cov neeg thaum ub, qhov zoo li lub suab nrov nrov lossis lub suab nrov yog ib txoj hauv kev pheej yig tshaj plaws los xa cov teeb liab mus ntev, thiab thawj cov suab paj nruag tsuas yog siv rau hauv qhov xwm txheej: los ntawm ib qho kev sib txuas ntawm lub suab kom ceeb toom ntawm ib qho xwm txheej (piv txwv li, mus kom ze ntawm ib tug yeeb ncuab pab tub rog los yog tsiaj qus).

Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov suab paj nruag tau ntau haiv neeg, thiab cov twj paj nruag lawv tus kheej ib yam nkaus. Niaj hnub no muaj ntau ntau ntawm lawv, thiab txawm tias muaj ntau yam kev faib tawm uas tso cai rau kev qhia meej txog lawv qhov sib txawv. Yog li, lawv txawv li cas?

Kev faib tawm los ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv:

Qhov thib ob tseem ceeb kev faib tawm rau cov cuab yeej cua yog qhov kev faib tawm raws li cov khoom siv, vim tias. lub suab thaj thiab cov txheej txheem muaj los ntawm kev tswj cov huab cua txaus feem ntau nyob ntawm cov khoom siv.

Classification los ntawm cov khoom ntawm kev tsim khoom:

Qhov nyuaj ntawm cov cuab yeej ntawm cov cuab yeej reed txiav txim siab yuav tsum tau siv cov khoom sib txawv. Yog li, saxophones yog ua los ntawm cov hlau alloy ntawm tooj liab thiab zinc, qee zaum nrog ntxiv ntawm npib tsib xee, lossis tooj dag. Lub cev ntawm bassoon feem ntau yog ua los ntawm maple, thiab S-shaped raj uas lub reed yog mounted yog ua los ntawm hlau. Oboes yog tsim los ntawm ebony thiab, raws li kev sim, los ntawm plexiglass, hlau, sib tov ntawm ebony hmoov (95%) thiab carbon fiber (5%).

Tsis tas li ntawd, qeb ntawm cov cuab yeej tooj dag muaj nws tus kheej tus kheej cais:

Raws li koj tau pom, muaj ntau lub tshuab cua tshuab, thiab lawv txhua tus muaj ntau haiv neeg, yog li nws yuav siv sij hawm sib cais los tham txog txhua tus. Peb tau txiav txim siab tsom mus rau cov cuab yeej cua nrov tshaj plaws - trumpet - thiab nrhiav tau rau koj Cov ntaub ntawv kawm:

Los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, peb pom zoo rau yav tom ntej trumpet players phau ntawv "Elementary school of playing the trumpet" [I. Kobets, 1963]. Tam sim no cia peb mus rau lwm pab pawg ntawm cov cuab yeej.

Percussion twj paj nruag

Nws tuaj yeem hais meej meej tias nruas yog cov cuab yeej suab paj nruag qub tshaj plaws ntawm noob neej. Hauv txoj ntsiab cai, txawm tias tsuas yog ntaus pob zeb ntawm ib lub sijhawm lossis lwm qhov tsim qee cov kab sib dhos yooj yim. Yuav luag txhua haiv neeg muaj lawv tus kheej lub teb chaws percussion cov cuab yeej ua los ntawm cov khoom siv dav hauv lawv qhov chaw nyob. Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom nco ntsoov lawv tag nrho, thiab tsis muaj kev xav tau. Tab sis nws tuaj yeem raug cais raws li cov txheej txheem sib txawv.

Pitch classification:

Kev faib tawm suab:

Idiophones yog hlau lossis ntoo. Piv txwv li, ntoo diav.

Tab sis tej zaum qhov nrov tshaj plaws hauv cov suab paj nruag niaj hnub yog lub nruas. Hom kev sib dhos thiab ntim tuaj yeem sib txawv heev, uas feem ntau yog nyob ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov suab paj nruag uas cov kws ntaus nkauj ua si. Txawm li cas los xij, ua ntej kev sim nrog kev sib txawv ntawm cov khoom sib txawv, koj yuav tsum paub tias dab tsi tuaj yeem suav nrog hauv cov khoom siv.

Cov cuab yeej siv yooj yim ntawm lub nruas teeb:

Kom yooj yim rau kev nkag siab, ua ntej peb pom dab tsi cov khoom siv nruas zoo li los ntawm saum toj no. Dub hauv daim duab qhia lub rooj zaum rau tus ntaus nruas. Tom-toms sau npe ua me me, nruab nrab, pem teb:

Qee zaum hauv cov lus piav qhia koj tuaj yeem pom cov lus "alto" thiab "tenor" es tsis yog cov npe "siab" thiab "middle". Qee zaum ob lub nruas - siab thiab nruab nrab - yog hu ua altos. Tsis txhob raug dag los ntawm qhov no - txhua lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom siv muaj nws lub suab thiab nws tus kheej ua haujlwm, uas yuav ua kom pom tseeb dua thaum koj pib kawm ua si. Saib seb cov khoom siv nruas zoo li cas ua ke:

Pib kawm optimally nrog mastering ua si ntawm qhov yooj yim installation, ie 5 drums + 3 cymbals. Thaum koj kawm, koj tus kheej yuav los ze zog kom nkag siab txog yam koj xav tau:

Los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, phau ntawv "Percussion Instruments for Dummies" [D. Muaj zog, 2008]. Lub "Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Kev Ua Si Nruas" yuav pab koj tau siv lub nruas kom ntxaws ntxiv [V. Gorokhov, 2015].

Yog li, peb tau txais ib lub tswv yim txog cov suab paj nruag nrov tshaj plaws. Ntau tus neeg feem ntau muaj lus nug: Dab tsi yog qhov khoom siv suab paj nruag loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb? Raws li txoj cai, qhov no yog lub cev ntawm Boardwalk Concert Hall hauv Tebchaws Meskas. Raws li txoj cai, vim tias peb feem ntau nyiam ua qauv ua haujlwm, thiab lub cev no tau nyob twj ywm rau ob peb xyoos dhau los.

Txawm li cas los xij, qhov ntsuas ntawm cov qauv yog tseem impressive. Yog li, cov yeeb nkab nce mus txog qhov siab ntawm 40 meters, thiab cov cuab yeej nws tus kheej tau suav nrog hauv Guinness Phau Ntawv Cov Ntaub Ntawv hauv 4 pawg: cov cuab yeej loj tshaj plaws, lub cev loj tshaj plaws, nrov tshaj plaws (130 dB) thiab tib lub ntiaj teb ua haujlwm hauv qab. lub siab ntawm 100 ntiv tes los yog 2500 hli) dej kem (0,25 kg / sq. cm).

Kawm yuav ua li cas hu nkauj yam tsawg kawg nkaus yog nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim ntawm txhua tus neeg, tshwj tsis yog cov lag ntseg thiab ruam. Koj tuaj yeem pom qhov no rau koj tus kheej yog tias koj kawm peb chav kawm dawb "Voice and Speech Development". Los ntawm txoj kev, peb qhia koj kom dhau mus, txawm tias koj tsis mus hu nkauj. Koj lub suab thaum hais lus rau pej xeem thiab hauv kev sib txuas lus txhua hnub yuav zoo nkauj dua.

Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, peb xav kom koj xeem lwm qhov kev kuaj xyuas ntawm chav kawm no thiab nco ntsoov siv cov kev paub uas tau txais yav tom ntej!

Kev xeem kev nkag siab

Yog tias koj xav sim koj qhov kev paub ntawm lub ntsiab lus ntawm zaj lus qhia no, koj tuaj yeem xeem luv luv uas muaj ntau cov lus nug. Tsuas yog 1 qhov kev xaiv tuaj yeem raug rau txhua nqe lus nug. Tom qab koj xaiv ib qho ntawm cov kev xaiv, lub kaw lus cia li txav mus rau cov lus nug tom ntej. Cov ntsiab lus koj tau txais yog cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov tseeb ntawm koj cov lus teb thiab lub sijhawm siv dhau mus. Thov nco ntsoov tias cov lus nug txawv txhua lub sijhawm, thiab cov kev xaiv tau hloov pauv.

Thiab thaum kawg, koj yuav muaj qhov kev xeem zaum kawg ntawm cov khoom ntawm tag nrho cov chav kawm.