Keeb kwm thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm transverse flute

Keeb kwm txheej txheem cej luam

Nws tuaj yeem hais tias keeb kwm ntawm lub raj nplaim yog ib qho ntawm cov keeb kwm deb tshaj plaws ntawm cov cuab yeej paub rau peb niaj hnub no. Nws rov qab mus rau ntau txhiab xyoo, txawm hais tias qhov tseeb thawj cov twj paj nruag tsis zoo ib yam li peb paub niaj hnub no. Thaum pib, lawv tau ua los ntawm reed, pob txha lossis ntoo (xws li ebony, boxwood), ivory, porcelain thiab txawm siv lead ua. Lawm, thaum pib lawv yog recorders, thiab ib tug ntawm cov thawj uas muaj ib tug scale nyob rau hauv lub tam sim no kev nkag siab ntawm lo lus muaj yim qhov. Ntau pua xyoo dhau los, lub tshuab raj tau hloov pauv ntawm qhov sib txawv, tab sis qhov kev hloov pauv tiag tiag ntawm nws txoj kev tsim kho thiab siv tau tsuas yog nyob rau xyoo 1831th, thaum Theobald Boehm, xyoo 1847-XNUMX, tsim kho tshuab thiab kev tsim kho zoo ib yam li. niaj hnub. Nyob rau xyoo tom ntej, lub tshuab raj transverse thiab ntau lwm yam twj paj nruag tau hloov kho ntau yam. Xyaum kom txog rau thaum xyoo pua XNUMX, feem coob ntawm lawv tau ua yuav luag tag nrho cov ntoo. Niaj hnub no, feem ntau ntawm transverse flutes yog ua los ntawm hlau. Tau kawg, ntau hom hlau yog siv, tab sis cov khoom siv raw feem ntau siv rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm lub tshuab raj nplaim yog npib tsib xee lossis nyiaj. Kub thiab platinum kuj tseem siv rau kev tsim kho. Nyob ntawm cov khoom siv, qhov ntsuas yuav muaj nws tus yam ntxwv lub suab. Feem ntau, txhawm rau kom tau txais lub suab tshwj xeeb, cov tuam txhab tsim cov cuab yeej siv ntau yam hlau muaj txiaj ntsig, sib txuas ua ke nrog ib leeg, piv txwv li cov txheej sab hauv tuaj yeem yog nyiaj thiab txheej txheej kub-plated.

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub tshuab raj

Lub transverse flute belongs rau cov pab pawg neeg ntawm woodwind instruments. Nyob rau hauv pab pawg no nws yog ib qho cuab yeej muaj peev xwm ua tiav lub suab siab tshaj plaws. Nws kuj muaj qhov dav tshaj plaws ntawm txhua qhov cuab yeej woodwind, xws li c lossis h me, nyob ntawm qhov tsim, mus txog d4. Raws li txoj cai, koj tuaj yeem nqa tawm f4, txawm hais tias nws nyuaj heev kom ua tiav. Cov ntawv sau rau ntawm lub tshuab raj yog sau rau ntawm treble clef. Qhov ntsuas no pom nws siv ntau yam hauv txhua hom suab paj nruag. Nws yog zoo meej raws li ib tug solo instrument thiab ib tug nrog nrog. Peb tuaj yeem ntsib nws hauv cov chav me me nrog rau hauv cov suab paj nruag loj lossis jazz orchestras.

Kev tsim kho ntawm transverse flute

Transverse flute muaj peb ntu: lub taub hau, lub cev thiab ko taw. Ntawm lub taub hau muaj ib lub qhov ncauj uas peb nias peb daim di ncauj. Lub taub hau tau muab tso rau hauv lub cev nrog lub qhov nrov plig plawg thiab ib lub tshuab nrog 13 flaps uas qhib thiab kaw lub qhov. Cov flaps tuaj yeem qhib nrog cov ntiv tes qhov nyob hauv nruab nrab lossis kaw nrog qhov hu ua puv. Lub ntsiab lus thib peb yog ko taw, uas yog ib feem uas tso cai rau koj coj tawm lub suab qis tshaj plaws. Nws muaj ob hom ko taw: ko taw c (txog c¹) thiab h (ntev dua, nrog rau ib qho ntxiv rau me me h).

Technical yam ntawm lub tshuab raj

Vim qhov dav dav thiab cov qauv ntawm lub tshuab raj nplaim, qhov ua tau ntawm qhov ntsuas no yog qhov loj heev. Koj tuaj yeem ua si nws dawb siv ntau yam txuj ci thiab kev ua si uas paub rau peb niaj hnub no, suav nrog: legato, staccato, ob npaug thiab triple staccato, tremolo, frullato, txhua yam ornaments, thiab whirlpools. Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis muaj teeb meem loj, koj tuaj yeem npog qhov kev ncua deb ntawm ib tus neeg lub suab, feem ntau hu ua intervals. Lub tonal scale ntawm lub transverse flute yuav muab faib ua plaub lub hauv paus sau npe: Tsawg register (c1-g1), uas yog yus muaj los ntawm ib tug tsaus nti thiab hissing suab. Lub npe nruab nrab (a1-d3) muaj lub suab me me, softer thiab ci dua li cov ntawv sau nce mus. Cov ntawv sau npe siab (e3-b3) muaj lub suab meej, crystalline, ntse heev thiab nkag mus. Cov ntawv sau npe siab heev (h3-d4) yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm lub suab nrov heev, ci ntsa iab. Ntawm chav kawm, dynamic, txhais lus thiab articulation possibilities yog ncaj qha nyob ntawm seb cov kev txawj ntse ntawm lub flutist nws tus kheej.

Hom ntawm transverse flute

Tau ntau xyoo, ntau yam ntawm cov cuab yeej no tau tsim, tab sis qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab nrov tshaj plaws suav nrog: qhov zoo tshaj plaws transverse flute (tus qauv) nrog rau qhov ntsuas los ntawm c¹ lossis h me me (nws nyob ntawm lub flute ko taw siv) mus rau d4, tom qab ntawd lub piccolo flute, uas yog ib nrab luv dua tus qauv thiab nyob rau hauv tuning ib octave siab dua, thiab lub alto flute, qhov ntsuas ntawm uas yog los ntawm f mus rau f3. Muaj ob peb lwm yam tsawg-paub ntau yam ntawm transverse flutes, tab sis lawv feem ntau tsis siv tam sim no.

Summation

Undoubtedly, lub transverse flute yog ib qho ntawm cov twj paj nruag uas muaj peev xwm ua suab paj nruag, tab sis nws kuj yog ib qho nyuaj tshaj plaws rau kev kawm woodwind instruments.