Gara Garayev |

Gara Gev Yev

Nyob rau hauv nws cov hluas, Kara Karaev yog ib tug desperate motorcyclists. Cov haiv neeg npau taws teb nws qhov kev xav tau ntawm kev pheej hmoo, kom tau txais kev nkag siab ntawm nws tus kheej. Nws kuj tseem muaj lwm qhov, qhov sib txawv kiag li thiab khaws cia rau lub neej, "tsim" kev nyiam ua haujlwm - kev yees duab. Lub lens ntawm nws lub cuab yeej, nrog rau qhov tseeb zoo thiab tib lub sijhawm qhia tus cwj pwm ntawm tus tswv, taw qhia rau lub ntiaj teb ib puag ncig - rub lub zog ntawm cov neeg taug kev los ntawm cov neeg coob coob hauv nroog, kho qhov zoo nkauj lossis kev xav, ua rau cov silhouettes. Cov roj rigs nce los ntawm qhov tob ntawm Caspian "hais" txog hnub tam sim no, thiab txog yav dhau los - cov ceg qhuav ntawm tsob ntoo Apsheron mulberry qub lossis cov vaj tsev zoo nkauj ntawm Ancient Egypt ...

Nws txaus los mloog cov haujlwm tsim los ntawm tus kws sau nkauj Azerbaijani zoo kawg nkaus, thiab nws tau pom tseeb tias Karaev txoj haujlwm nyiam tsuas yog xav txog dab tsi yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm nws lub suab paj nruag. Lub ntsej muag muaj tswv yim ntawm Karaev yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev ci ntsa iab nrog kev suav zoo nkauj; ntau yam xim, nplua nuj ntawm kev xav palette - nrog rau kev puas siab puas ntsws tob; kev txaus siab rau cov teeb meem ntawm peb lub sijhawm nyob hauv nws nrog rau kev txaus siab rau keeb kwm yav dhau los. Nws sau suab paj nruag txog kev hlub thiab kev tawm tsam, hais txog qhov xwm txheej thiab tus ntsuj plig ntawm ib tug neeg, nws paub yuav ua li cas hais txog lub suab hauv lub ntiaj teb ntawm kev npau suav, kev npau suav, kev xyiv fab ntawm lub neej thiab kev tuag ntawm kev tuag ...

Masterfully mastering cov kev cai ntawm suab paj nruag muaj pes tsawg leeg, ib tug artist ntawm ib tug ci ntsa iab thawj style, Karaev, nyob rau hauv tag nrho nws cov hauj lwm, strove rau ib tug tas mus li rov qab los ntawm cov lus thiab daim ntawv ntawm nws tej hauj lwm. "Yuav tsum nyob rau hauv ib tug par nrog lub hnub nyoog" - xws li yog lub ntsiab lus txib ntawm Karaev. Thiab ib yam li thaum nws tseem hluas nws tau kov yeej nws tus kheej hauv kev caij tsheb nrawm, yog li nws ib txwm kov yeej lub inertia ntawm kev xav muaj tswv yim. "Yuav kom tsis txhob sawv ntsug," nws hais txog nws lub hnub nyoog tsib caug, thaum lub koob meej thoob ntiaj teb tau nyob tom qab nws ntev, "yuav tsum tau hloov" tus kheej."

Karaev yog ib tug ntawm cov brightest sawv cev ntawm D. Shostakovich lub tsev kawm ntawv. Nws kawm tiav nyob rau hauv 1946 los ntawm lub Moscow Conservatory nyob rau hauv lub muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm no ci ntsa iab artist. Tab sis txawm tias ua ntej dhau los ua tub ntxhais kawm, tus tub ntxhais hluas tshuab raj tau nkag siab tob txog kev tsim suab paj nruag ntawm cov neeg Azerbaijani. Nyob rau hauv lub secrets ntawm nws haiv neeg dab neeg, ashug thiab mugham kos duab, Garayev tau qhia rau lub Baku Conservatory los ntawm nws tus creator thiab tus thawj kws composer ntawm Azerbaijan, U. Hajibeyov.

Karaev sau nkauj nyob rau hauv ntau yam. Nws cov khoom muaj tswv yim muaj xws li kev sau nkauj rau kev ua yeeb yam, symphonic thiab chamber-instrumental tej hauj lwm, romances, cantatas, me nyuam plays, suab paj nruag rau ua yeeb yam thiab yeeb yaj duab. Nws tau ntxim nyiam los ntawm cov ntsiab lus thiab cov phiaj xwm los ntawm lub neej ntawm ntau haiv neeg ntawm lub ntiaj teb - nws nkag siab txog cov qauv thiab tus ntsuj plig ntawm pej xeem suab paj nruag ntawm Albania, Nyab Laj, Qaib ntxhw, Bulgaria, Spain, African lub teb chaws thiab Arab East ... Qee qhov ntawm Nws cov ntsiab lus tuaj yeem txhais tau tias yog qhov tseem ceeb tsis yog rau nws tus kheej creativity, tab sis kuj rau Soviet suab paj nruag feem ntau.

Ntau qhov kev ua haujlwm loj tau mob siab rau lub ntsiab lus ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Loj Loj thiab tau tsim nyob rau hauv qhov kev xav ncaj qha ntawm cov xwm txheej ntawm kev muaj tiag. Xws li yog ob feem ntawm Thawj Symphony - ib qho ntawm thawj cov hauj lwm ntawm hom ntawv no hauv Azerbaijan (1943), nws yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov duab zoo nkauj thiab cov nkauj. Nyob rau hauv tsib lub zog thib ob Symphony, sau nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog lub yeej tshaj fascism (1946), cov kab lig kev cai ntawm Azerbaijani suab paj nruag yog fused nrog cov classicism (ib qho kev nthuav qhia 4-kev txav passacaglia yog raws li mugham-hom thematics). Nyob rau hauv 1945, nyob rau hauv kev koom tes nrog D. Gadzhnev, lub opera Veten (Motherland, lib. los ntawm I. Idayat-zade thiab M. Rahim) tau tsim, nyob rau hauv uas lub tswv yim ntawm kev phooj ywg ntawm lub Soviet haiv neeg nyob rau hauv kev tawm tsam rau lub liberation. ntawm Motherland tau accentuated.

Ntawm cov chav ua haujlwm thaum ntxov, lub piano painting "Tus Tsarskoye Selo Statue" (tom qab A. Pushkin, 1937) sawv tawm, lub originality ntawm cov duab uas tau txiav txim siab los ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm pej xeem-national intonation nrog lub impressionistic colourfulness ntawm kev ntxhib los mos. ; Sonatina nyob rau hauv Ib tug me me rau piano (1943), qhov twg lub teb chaws qhia hais tias yog tsim nyob rau hauv txoj kab nrog Prokofiev "classicism"; Qhov thib ob txoj hlua Quartet (mob rau D. Shostakovich, 1947), tseem ceeb rau nws cov xim hluas nkauj. Pushkin's romances "Nyob rau toj ntawm Georgia" thiab "Kuv Hlub Koj" (1947) yog cov haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Karaev cov suab nkauj.

Ntawm cov hauj lwm ntawm lub sij hawm paub tab yog cov paj huam "Leyli thiab Majnun" (1947), uas tau cim qhov pib ntawm lyric-dramatic symphony hauv Azerbaijan. Lub tragic txoj hmoo ntawm tus phab ej ntawm Nizami zaj paj huam ntawm tib lub npe tau embodied nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev tu siab, passionate, sublime dluab ntawm paj huam. Cov zajlus motifs ntawm Nizami "Tsib" ("Khamse") tsim lub hauv paus ntawm lub ballet "Seven Beauties" (1952, tsab ntawv los ntawm I. Idayat-zade, S. Rahman thiab Y. Slonimsky), nyob rau hauv uas ib daim duab ntawm lub neej. ntawm cov neeg Azerbaijani nyob rau yav dhau los deb, nws txoj kev tawm tsam tawm tsam cov neeg tsim txom. Lub hauv paus duab ntawm tus neeg ntaus pob tesniv yog ib tug ntxhais yooj yim los ntawm cov neeg, nws txoj kev hlub nws tus kheej rau cov tsis muaj zog-willed Shah Bahram muaj lub siab ncaj ncees. Hauv kev tawm tsam rau Bahram, Aisha tau tawm tsam los ntawm cov dluab ntawm insidious Vizier thiab seductively zoo nkauj, ghostly xya beauties. Karaev's ballet yog ib qho piv txwv ci ntsa iab ntawm kev sib txuas cov ntsiab lus ntawm Azerbaijani pej xeem seev cev nrog cov ntsiab lus symphonic ntawm Tchaikovsky's ballets. Lub ci ntsa iab, muaj ntau xim, muaj kev xav nplua nuj ballet The Path of Thunder (raws li phau ntawv tshiab los ntawm P. Abrahams, 1958), nyob rau hauv uas lub heroic pathos yog txuam nrog kev tawm tsam ntawm cov neeg ntawm Dub Africa rau lawv txoj kev ywj pheej, yog nthuav rau cov masterfully. tsim suab paj nruag thiab ua yeeb yam tsis sib haum xeeb, lub symphony ntawm Negro folklore ntsiab lus (lub ballet yog thawj daim ntawm Soviet suab paj nruag los tsim African pej xeem suab paj nruag ntawm xws li ib tug scale).

Nyob rau hauv nws lub xyoo laus, Karaev txoj hauj lwm txuas ntxiv thiab tsim ib tug nyiam los txhawb Azerbaijani suab paj nruag nrog classicist txhais tau tias ntawm kev qhia. Cov hauj lwm uas cov qauv no yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj xws li symphonic engravings Don Quixote (1960, tom qab M. Cervantes), permeated nrog lus Mev intonation, ib lub voj voog ntawm yim daim, nyob rau hauv ib theem ntawm cov tragically zoo nkauj duab ntawm lub Knight ntawm lub Sad Image. tshwm sim; Sonata rau violin thiab piano (1960), mob siab rau lub cim xeeb ntawm tus cob qhia thaum yau, lub suab paj nruag zoo V. Kozlov (qhov kawg ntawm kev ua hauj lwm, ib tug ua yeeb yam passacaglia, ua rau nws lub suab anagram); 6 qhov kawg ntawm lub voj voog ntawm 24 "preludes rau piano" (1951-63).

Cov pej xeem-national style tau tsim nrog kev txawj ntse los ntawm cov classic style nyob rau hauv Thib Symphony rau Chamber Orchestra (1964), ib qho ntawm thawj cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm Soviet suab paj nruag tsim siv cov txheej txheem serial.

Lub ntsiab lus ntawm symphony - ib tug txiv neej txoj kev xav "txog lub sij hawm thiab txog nws tus kheej" - yog multifacetedly refracted nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm thawj feem, nyob rau hauv lub iridescent sonority ntawm lub ashug chants ntawm lub thib ob, nyob rau hauv lub philosophical xav txog ntawm Andante, nyob rau hauv lub enlightenment ntawm lub coda, dispelling lub unkind irony ntawm lub kawg fugue.

Kev siv ntau hom suab paj nruag ua qauv (qiv los ntawm xyoo 1974th thiab cov niaj hnub no cuam tshuam nrog "loj ntaus" style) txiav txim siab ua yeeb yam ntawm cov suab paj nruag The Furious Gascon (1967, raws li Cyrano de Bergerac los ntawm E. Rostand) hais txog Fabkis nto moo. freethinker poet. Karaev lub siab muaj tswv yim kuj suav nrog Violin Concerto (12, mob siab rau L. Kogan), uas muaj cov tib neeg siab, thiab lub voj voog "1982 Fugues rau Piano" - tus kws sau ntawv ua haujlwm kawg (XNUMX), piv txwv ntawm kev xav tob tob thiab lub suab paj nruag ci ntsa iab. kev txawj ntse.

Cov suab paj nruag ntawm Soviet tswv tau hnov ​​nyob rau hauv ntau lub teb chaws ntawm lub ntiaj teb no. Kev kos duab thiab kev zoo nkauj ntawm Karaev, tus kws sau nkauj thiab tus kws qhia ntawv (rau ntau xyoo nws yog tus xibfwb ntawm Azerbaijan State Conservatory), tau ua lub luag haujlwm loj hauv kev tsim lub tsev kawm ntawv Azerbaijani niaj hnub ntawm cov kws sau ntawv, suav nrog ntau tiam neeg thiab nplua nuj hauv cov neeg muaj tswv yim. . Nws txoj hauj lwm, uas organically melted cov kab lig kev cai ntawm lub teb chaws kab lis kev cai thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm ntiaj teb no kos duab rau hauv ib tug tshiab, thawj zoo, nthuav lub expressive ciam teb ntawm Azerbaijani suab paj nruag.

A. Bretanitskaya