Franz von Suppé |

Franz von Saub

Suppe yog tus tsim ntawm Austrian operetta. Hauv nws txoj haujlwm, nws muab qee qhov kev ua tiav ntawm Fab Kis operetta (Offenbach) nrog cov kab lig kev cai ntawm Viennese pej xeem kos duab - singspiel, "magic farce". Suppe lub suab paj nruag muab cov suab paj nruag zoo nkauj ntawm Italian tus cwj pwm, Viennese seev cev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog waltz rhythms. Nws cov operettas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau lawv cov suab paj nruag ua yeeb yam zoo heev, kev ua yeeb yam zoo nkauj ntawm cov cim, thiab ntau yam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv mus txog qhov kev ua yeeb yam.

Franz von Suppe - nws lub npe tiag tiag yog Francesco Zuppe-Demelli - yug rau lub Plaub Hlis 18, 1819 hauv lub nroog Dalmatian ntawm Spalato (tam sim no Split, Yugoslavia). Nws txiv yawg koob yog cov neeg tsiv teb tsaws chaw los ntawm Belgium, uas nyob hauv lub nroog Italian ntawm Cremona. Nws txiv tau ua haujlwm hauv Spalato ua tus thawj coj hauv nroog thiab xyoo 1817 tau sib yuav ib tug neeg nyob hauv Vienna, Katharina Landowska. Francesco tau los ua lawv tus tub thib ob. Twb tau nyob rau hauv thaum yau, nws tau qhia ib tug zoo heev suab paj nruas txuj ci. Nws ntaus lub tshuab raj, txij thaum muaj hnub nyoog kaum xyoo nws tsim tej yam yooj yim. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog kaum xya, Suppe sau Mass, thiab ib xyoos tom qab, nws thawj opera, Virginia. Lub sijhawm no, nws nyob hauv Vienna, qhov chaw nws tsiv nrog nws niam xyoo 1835, tom qab nws txiv tuag. Ntawm no nws kawm nrog S. Zechter thiab I. Seyfried, tom qab ntawd ntsib tus naas ej Italian composer G. Donizetti thiab siv nws cov lus qhia.

Txij li thaum xyoo 1840, Zuppe tau ua haujlwm ua tus coj thiab ua yeeb yam hauv Vienna, Pressburg (tam sim no Bratislava), Odenburg (tam sim no Sopron, Hungary), Baden (ze Vienna). Nws sau cov suab paj nruag suav tsis txheeb rau ntau yam kev ua yeeb yam, tab sis qee zaus nws tig mus rau cov suab paj nruag loj thiab ua yeeb yam. Yog li, nyob rau hauv 1847, nws opera Tus Ntxhais nyob rau hauv lub zos tshwm, nyob rau hauv 1858 - Qhov thib peb kab lus. Ob xyoos tom qab, Zuppe tau ua nws thawj zaug ua tus kws sau nkauj ua yeeb yam nrog rau ib qho kev ua yeeb yam The Boarding House. Txog tam sim no, qhov no tsuas yog kev sim ntawm tus cwj mem, zoo li poj huab tais ntawm Spades (1862), uas ua raws nws. Tab sis qhov thib peb ib-txoj cai operetta Kaum Brides thiab Tsis yog ib tug Groom (1862) coj lub composer koob meej nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe. Lub operetta tom ntej no, The Merry Schoolchildren (1863), yog raws li tag nrho ntawm Viennese cov tub ntxhais kawm zaj nkauj thiab yog li yog ib hom kev qhia rau lub tsev kawm ntawv Viennese operetta. Tom qab ntawd muaj cov operettas La Belle Galatea (1865), Lub Teeb Cavalry (1866), Fatinica (1876), Boccaccio (1879), Dona Juanita (1880), Gascon (1881), Hearty friend” (1882), “Sailors in the homeland” (1885), “Handsome man” (1887), “Nrhiav kev zoo siab” (1888).

Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Zuppe cov hauj lwm, tsim nyob rau hauv ib tug tsib lub xyoos, yog Fatinica, Boccaccio thiab Doña Juanita. Txawm hais tias tus kws sau ntawv ib txwm ua haujlwm zoo, ua tib zoo, yav tom ntej nws tsis tuaj yeem nce mus rau theem ntawm peb ntawm nws operettas.

Ua haujlwm ua tus thawj coj yuav luag txog rau hnub kawg ntawm nws lub neej, Suppe sau yuav luag tsis muaj suab paj nruag hauv nws lub xyoo poob. Nws tuag rau lub Tsib Hlis 21, 1895 hauv Vienna.

Ntawm nws tej hauj lwm yog peb caug-ib operettas, ib pawg, ib tug Requiem, ob peb cantatas, ib tug symphony, overtures, quartets, romances thiab hu nkauj.

L. Mikheeva, A. Orelovich