Fanfare |

ital. fanfare, German Fanfare, Fabkis thiab lus Askiv. kiv cua

1) Cuab suab paj nruag. cuab tam. Ib hom elongated yeeb nkab nrog nqaim nplai tsis muaj li qub. Natural scale (los ntawm 3rd mus rau 12th suab ntawm lub ntuj scale). Tsim nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev tsim kho. Nyob rau hauv niaj hnub music xyaum yog siv preim. F. nyob rau hauv Es (ib feem yog kaw ib tug me thib peb hauv qab lub suab tiag). Siv Ch. arr. muab cov cim. Ib hom tshwj xeeb ntawm F. tau tsim los ntawm cov lus qhia ntawm G. Verdi rau kev tshaj tawm. Opera "Aida" (tau txais lub npe "Egyptian trumpet", "trumpet of Aida"). Lub trumpet no (ntev kwv yees li 1,5 m), nrog lub suab muaj zog thiab ci, tau ua hauv C., B., H, As, thiab tau nruab nrog ib lub valve uas txo lub suab nrov.

2) Trumpet teeb liab ntawm kev ua koob tsheej. los yog tswv. tus cwj pwm. Nws feem ntau muaj lub suab ntawm lub triad loj, uas tuaj yeem ua si ntawm ntuj (tsis muaj li qub) tooj dag dab. cuab yeej. Hauv 2 lub hom phiaj. F. tau dav siv thiaj li hu ua. horn txav (saib Fabkis horn). Cov ntsiab lus Fanfare feem ntau siv hauv suab paj nruag. ua hauj lwm ntawm ntau yam - operas, symphonies, marches, thiab lwm yam. Ib qho ntawm cov qauv ntxov tshaj plaws - F. los ntawm 5 ywj siab. Qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub overture rau lub opera "Orfeo" los ntawm Monteverdi (1607). Trumpet F. tau suav nrog hauv kev tshaj tawm "Leonore" No. 2 (hauv daim ntawv nthuav dav) thiab "Leonore" No. 3 (hauv kev nthuav qhia ntau dua), nrog rau hauv Beethoven's Fidelio Overture.

L. Beethoven. "Fidelio".

Cov ntsiab lus Fanfare kuj tau siv hauv Lavxias. composers ("Italian Capriccio" los ntawm Tchaikovsky), feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv owls. suab paj nruag (opera "Niam" los ntawm Khrennikov, "Festive Overture" los ntawm Shostakovich, "Pathetic Oratorio" los ntawm Sviridov, festive overture "Symphonic Fanfare" los ntawm Shchedrin, thiab lwm yam). F. yog tsim thiab nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm me me ywj siab. cov khoom npaj rau kev ua haujlwm hauv decomp. kev ua koob tsheej. rooj plaub. Hauv orc. suites ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th muaj luv luv thiab nrov nrov hu ua F. nrog ceev repetitions ntawm chords. Nyob rau hauv lus dab neeg, lo lus "fanfare melody" yog siv nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo rau lub suab paj nruag ntawm tej haiv neeg (piv txwv li, Indians, thiab cov Pygmies ntawm teb chaws Africa thiab cov Aborigines ntawm Australia), nyob rau hauv uas lub sij hawm dav predominate - peb, quarts thiab thib tsib, nrog rau cov uas muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo sib xws ntawm cov nkauj nyob hauv Europe. haiv neeg (nrog rau yodel). Fanfare signals siv nyob rau hauv xyaum yog sau nyob rau hauv ib tug xov tooj ntawm nat. collections, qhov ntxov tshaj plaws ntawm uas yog nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th.

References: Rogal-Levitsky D., Modern Orchestra, vol. XLIV, 1, p. 1953–165; Rozenberg A., Suab paj nruag ntawm kev yos hav zoov fanfares nyob rau hauv Russia ntawm lub xyoo pua XVIII, nyob rau hauv phau ntawv: Kev lig kev cai ntawm Lavxias teb sab suab paj nruas kab lis kev cai ntawm lub xyoo pua XVIII, M., 69; Modr A., ​​Musical Instruments, M., 1975.

UAS Rosenberg