Evgenia Matveevna Verbitskaya (Evgenia Verbitskaya) |

Evgenia Verbitskaya

Thaum tseem yog menyuam kawm ntawv ntawm Kyiv Conservatory, Evgenia Matveevna sawv tawm rau nws txoj kev zoo nkauj ntawm timbre thiab ntau lub suab, uas tso cai rau nws hu nkauj ob qho tib si mezzo-soprano thiab contralto qhov chaw. Thiab, dhau li ntawd, cov tub ntxhais hluas hu nkauj tau txawv ntawm qhov tsis tshua muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm. Nws ua yeeb yam hauv kev ua yeeb yam, koom nrog cov tub ntxhais kawm concerts. Verbitskaya hu nkauj opera arias, romances los ntawm Lavxias teb sab thiab Western European composers, ua hauj lwm los ntawm Lyatoshinsky thiab Shaporin. Tsis ntev tom qab kawm tiav los ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej, Verbitskaya tau txais mus rau hauv Kyiv Opera thiab Ballet Theatre, qhov chaw uas nws hu nkauj ntawm Niklaus nyob rau hauv lub Tales ntawm Hoffmann, Siebel nyob rau hauv Faust, Polina thiab Molovzor nyob rau hauv tus huab tais ntawm Spades. Xyoo 1931, tus neeg hu nkauj tau raug xaiv los ua tus soloist ntawm Mariinsky Theatre. Ntawm no nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm lub ua yeeb yam, ib tug zoo kawg nkaus tshuab raj V. Dranishnikov, uas nws lub npe Evgenia Matveevna nco ntsoov nrog ib tug zoo siab ua tsaug rau tag nrho nws lub neej. Cov lus qhia ntawm Dranishnikov thiab cov kws qhia suab uas ua haujlwm hauv kev ua yeeb yam tau pab nws hu nkauj ntawm Jadwiga hauv William Qhia, Judith hauv kev ua yeeb yam los ntawm A. Serov, Ntxhais fuabtais hauv Mermaid, Olga hauv Eugene Onegin, Konchakovna hauv Prince Igor thiab, Thaum kawg, Ratmira hauv "Ruslan thiab Lyudmila". Qhov xav tau ntawm Leningrad cov neeg tuaj saib ntawm lub xyoo ntawd poob rau hauv kev hlub nrog cov tub ntxhais hluas hu nkauj, uas ua rau nws txoj kev txawj ntse tsis tu ncua. Txhua tus neeg tshwj xeeb nco qab txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm Evgenia Matveevna ntawm SS Prokofiev's Opera Txoj Kev Hlub rau Peb Txiv Kab Ntxwv (Clarice part). Nyob rau hauv 1937, tus singer tau koom nyob rau hauv lub thawj Leningrad kev sib tw rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws ua hauj lwm ntawm Soviet composers thiab tau txais lub title ntawm laureate ntawm qhov kev sib tw, thiab ob xyoos tom qab, twb nyob rau hauv lub All-Union Vocal kev sib tw, nws tau txais ib tug diploma. "Qhov no, rau qhov loj, yog qhov tsim nyog ntawm kuv thawj tus kws qhia ntawv, xibfwb MM Engelkron, uas tau kawm nrog kuv ua ntej ntawm Dnepropetrovsk Music College, thiab tom qab ntawd ntawm Kyiv Conservatory," tus neeg hu nkauj hais. "Nws yog nws tus uas tau txhawb nqa kuv kev hwm rau kev ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua txhua hnub, yam tsis muaj qhov xav tsis thoob tias yuav mus tom ntej ntawm kev ua yeeb yam lossis ntawm theem ua yeeb yam ..."

Nyob rau hauv 1940, Verbitskaya, ua ke nrog lub troupe ntawm lub Mariinsky Theatre, koom nyob rau hauv lub Leningrad kaum xyoo nyob rau hauv Moscow. Nws hu nkauj Vanya hauv Ivan Susanin thiab Babarikha hauv Zaj Dab Neeg ntawm Tsar Saltan. Cov xov xwm tau sau tseg qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom no. Kev tswj hwm ntawm Bolshoi Theatre nco ntsoov nws.

Thaum lub sij hawm lub Great Patriotic ua tsov ua rog, Verbitskaya ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug soloist ntawm lub Leningrad Philharmonic, ua yeeb yam nyob rau hauv concerts, nyob rau theem ntawm kev ua hauj lwm pab pawg, nyob rau hauv cov tub rog units thiab tsev kho mob nyob rau hauv Novosibirsk, qhov chaw uas lub Philharmonic nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawd. Nyob rau hauv 1948, Verbitskaya raug caw mus rau lub Bolshoi Theatre. Ntawm nws nto moo theem, nws hu nkauj yuav luag tag nrho mezzo-soprano repertoire. Evgenia Matveevna ua nws debut ua tus ntxhais fuabtais hauv Rusalka, ces hu nkauj ib feem ntawm Yegorovna hauv Napravnik's Dubrovsky. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ua tiav ntawm tus neeg hu nkauj yog ib feem ntawm Countess hauv Poj huab tais ntawm Spades. Tus actress nkag siab tob thiab nthuav tawm nrog kev ua tiav zoo ntawm qhov chaw tsis zoo nyob ib puag ncig tus neeg uas tau hu ua Versailles "Venus of Moscow." Qhov zoo tshaj plaws theem txuj ci ntawm E. Verbitskaya yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kom meej meej manifested nyob rau hauv lub nto moo scene nyob rau hauv lub chav pw ntawm lub Countess. Evgenia Matveevna hu ib feem ntawm Vanya thiab ib feem me me ntawm Vlasyevna nyob rau hauv Tus Maid ntawm Pskov nrog txoj kev txawj ntse, muab qhov tseem ceeb, nws yuav zoo li, rau cov duab thib ob, muab nws nrog ntxim nyiam tiag tiag, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov dab neeg hais txog Ntxhais fuabtais Lada suab. Cov neeg thuam thiab cov pej xeem ntawm cov xyoo ntawd tau sau tseg qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm lub luag haujlwm ntawm Nanny hauv Eugene Onegin. Raws li cov kws tshuaj xyuas tau sau tias: "Cov neeg mloog xav tias muaj kev hlub ntau npaum li cas rau Tatyana hauv tus poj niam Lavxias no yooj yim thiab zoo nkauj." Nws tseem yog tsis yooj yim sua kom tsis txhob nco txog qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm Verbitskaya ib feem ntawm tus muam nkauj muam nyob rau hauv NA Rimsky-Korsakov lub "May Night". Thiab nyob rau hauv ib feem no, tus singer qhia tias nws nyob ze npaum li cas rau cov neeg nyiam kev lom zem.

Nrog rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm theem opera, Evgenia Matveevna tau mloog zoo rau kev ua yeeb yam. Nws repertoire yog qhov dav thiab ntau yam: los ntawm kev ua yeeb yam ntawm Beethoven's Ninth Symphony ua los ntawm EA Mravinsky, cantatas "Nyob rau hauv Kulikovo Field" los ntawm Shaporin thiab "Alexander Nevsky" los ntawm Prokofiev mus rau romances los ntawm Lavxias teb sab composers. Lub geography ntawm tus neeg hu nkauj ua yeeb yam zoo heev - nws mus ncig yuav luag tag nrho lub tebchaws. Nyob rau hauv 1946, EM Verbitskaya mus txawv tebchaws (hauv Austria thiab Czechoslovakia), muab ob peb solo concerts.

Disco thiab yees duab los ntawm EM Verbitskaya:

1. Sister-in-law part, "May Night" los ntawm NA Rimsky-Korsakov, kaw nyob rau hauv 1948, hu nkauj thiab orchestra ntawm lub Bolshoi Theatre Theatre ua los ntawm V. Nebolsin (nyob rau hauv ensemble nrog S. Lemeshev, V. Borisenko, I. Maslennikova, S. Krasovsky thiab lwm tus.). (Tam sim no tso rau hauv CD txawv teb chaws)
2. Ib feem ntawm niam Xenia, Boris Godunov los ntawm MP Mussorgsky, kaw nyob rau hauv 1949, hu nkauj thiab orchestra ntawm lub Bolshoi Theatre Theatre ua los ntawm N. Golovanov (nyob rau hauv ensemble nrog A. Pirogov, N. Khanaev, G. Nelepp, M. Mikhailov, V. Lubentsov, M. Maksakova, I. Kozlovsky thiab lwm tus). (Tshaj tawm ntawm CD txawv teb chaws)
3. Ib feem ntawm niam Xenia, ob npaug ntawm "Boris Godunov", tau sau tseg hauv 1949 nrog Mark Reizen (cov ntaub ntawv yog tib yam li saum toj no, kuj tso tawm txawv teb chaws hauv CD).
4. Ratmir ib feem, "Ruslan thiab Lyudmila", kaw nyob rau hauv 1950, hu nkauj thiab orchestra ntawm lub Bolshoi Theatre ua los ntawm K. Kondrashin (nyob rau hauv ensemble nrog I. Petrov, V. Firsova, V. Gavryushov, G. Nelepp, A. Krivchenya, N. Pokrovskaya, S. Lemeshev thiab lwm tus). (Tshaj tawm ntawm CD, suav nrog hauv Russia)
5. Part Babarikha, "Cov Zaj Dab Neeg ntawm Tsar Saltan" los ntawm NA Rimsky-Korsakov, kaw nyob rau hauv 1958, hu nkauj thiab orchestra ntawm Bolshoi Theatre ua los ntawm V. Nebolsin (nyob rau hauv ensemble nrog I. Petrov, E. Smolenskaya, G. Oleinichenko, V. Ivanovsky, P. Chekin, Al. Ivanov, E. Shumilova, L. Nikitina thiab lwm tus). (Lub xeem tso tawm los ntawm Melodiya ntawm gramophone cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 80s)
6. Ib feem ntawm niam Xenia, Boris Godunov, tau sau tseg hauv 1962, hu nkauj thiab seev cev ntawm Bolshoi Theatre ua los ntawm A. Sh. Melik-Pashaev (ua ke nrog I. Petrov, G. Shulpin, V. Ivanovsky, I. Arkhipova, E. Kibkalo, A. Geleva, M. Reshetin, A. Grigoriev thiab lwm tus). (Tam sim no tso rau hauv CD txawv teb chaws)
7. Ib feem ntawm Akhrosimova, "Kev Tsov Rog thiab Kev Thaj Yeeb" los ntawm S. Prokofiev, kaw hauv xyoo 1962, hu nkauj thiab suab paj nruag ntawm Bolshoi Theatre ua los ntawm A. Sh. Melik-Pashaev (ua ke nrog G. Vishnevskaya, E. Kibkalo, V. Klepatskaya, V. Petrov, I. Arkhipova, P. Lisitsian, A. Krivchenya, A. Vedernikov thiab lwm tus). (Tam sim no tso tawm rau CD hauv Russia thiab txawv teb chaws)
8. Film-opera "Boris Godunov" 1954, lub luag hauj lwm ntawm Xenia niam.