Txhua hnub teev |
Lub neej scale, txhua hnub hom, - lub suab kaw lus nrog cov qauv (hauv cov suab nrov) 1-1-1 / 2-1-1-1 / 2-1-1-1 / 2-1-1, uas tsim cov qauv hauv paus ntawm Rus . Peb-xyoo pua. suab paj nruag. Lub npe los ntawm "Obikhod" - ib phau ntawm cov suab paj nruag siv hauv kev coj ua. O. h. yam ntxwv quart qauv:
Trichords nyob rau hauv txhua quart hu ua. "kev pom zoo". Yog hais tias nyob rau hauv lub European octave (= 8) muaj xya kauj ruam (8-1), ces nyob rau hauv lub tetrachord ("nyob rau hauv ib quart") muaj peb ntawm lawv (4-1). Txhua qhov kev pom zoo muaj tib lub sijhawm sib txawv (hauv tones: 1-1). Txhua daim ntawv cog lus nws muaj nws lub npe ("yooj yim", "dhuav", "ci", "kua"). Lub quartic xwm ntawm tus qauv kuj tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub system ntawm cov npe ntawm cov kauj ruam, qhov twg rov qab (ie, to taub raws li melodically ib leeg-functional) cov kauj ruam yog sib cais los ntawm ib tug thib plaub (suav los ntawm ob nruab nrab concordances rau cov npoo ntawm qhov ntsuas). Hauv O.'s design h. muaj cov ntsiab lus zoo sib xws nrog cov qauv ntawm lwm cov Greek. "zoo meej system". O. h. tseem tuaj yeem suav tias yog kev sib xyaw ntawm cov tetrachords loj, pentachords, hexachords ntawm qhov deb ntawm plaub. Specification ntawm O. z. - qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm qhov kev ncua ntawm qhov txo qis ntawm cov kauj ruam C ("tsa") thiab M ("gloomy with a crest"), ntxiv rau, nyob rau hauv tib lub cev, tsis muaj kev hloov pauv lossis kev sib txawv (accords hauv O. z. system muaj tib lub ntsiab lus raws li qhov qis thiab sab sauv tetrachords hauv Ionian hom system).
Samples O. z. peb nrhiav tsis tau hauv pawg ntseeg xwb. suab paj nruag, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv pej xeem suab paj nruag (Lavxias teb sab song "Young Molodka, Molodka" los ntawm sau los ntawm MA Balakirev, saib ib qho piv txwv nyob rau hauv Art. Suab system).
Raws li kev xav ntawm ib lossis lwm qhov, lawv kuj pom ntawm cov neeg sau ntawv Lavxias. cov tsev kawm ntawv (NA Rimsky-Korsakov, 3rd solo ntawm tus deacon los ntawm 2nd act of the opera Hmo Ua ntej Christmas).
Nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm polyphony (tsuas yog nyob rau hauv composer xyaum), O. z. tau txais lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev ntxhov siab uas yog ci ntsa iab peculiar hauv cov xim, chord rau-rogo suav nrog kev sib haum xeeb uas tsis paub meej los ntawm txoj haujlwm ntawm sab hnub poob. loj-me system (lub ces-moll chord nyob rau hauv cov piv txwv nram qab no).
Qee zaum O. siv h. merges nrog tonal variability, akin rau deviations, los yog ua rau ib tug deviation nws tus kheej (feem ntau nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab seev cev tunes, raws li lub tswv yim STDT; cf. "Lavxias teb sab seev cev" los ntawm A. Khachaturian tus ballet "Gayane"). Nyob rau hauv niaj hnub suab paj nruag kuj siv ib tug chord nrog ib tug txo octave.
Yog Stravinsky. “Sacred spring”. "Kev thov rau Cov Txiv Plig".
O. h. nws kuj muaj nyob rau hauv cov suab paj nruag ntawm lwm haiv neeg (piv txwv li, ntawm Kirghiz). Akin rau nws yog siv hom Mixolydian hauv kev sib haum xeeb ntawm 16th-17th centuries. (qhov twg subsemitonium modilis tau ntxiv rau lub ntsiab ntsuas f1 - e1 - d1 - c 1 - h - a - g ntawm hauv qab). Cov tsos ntawm O. z. nyob rau hauv txawv era thiab nyob rau hauv non-contiguous ethnographic. pawg tau piav qhia los ntawm qhov tseeb tias cov qauv ntawm O. z. qhia txog ib qho ntawm cov qauv typological ntawm qee hom melodic. frets - qhov nyiam ntawm cov kauj ruam ntawm kev sau npe siab kom txo qis, thiab qis - kom nce, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub fret scale muaj nqaim-ntim melodics. cov khoom.
References: Razumovsky D., Lub Koom Txoos hu nkauj, nyob rau hauv Russia ..., tsis muaj. 1–3, M., 1867–69; Findeizen N., Essays ntawm keeb kwm ntawm suab paj nruag nyob rau hauv Russia, vol. 1, M., 1928; ib. Belyaev V., Laus Lavxias teb sab suab paj nruag sau, M., 1962; Sposobin I., Lectures on the course of harmony, M., 1969.
Yu. N. Kholopov
