Epitaph |
Epitaph (los ntawm Greek epitapios - tombstone, los ntawm epi - on, tshaj thiab tapos - qhov ntxa) - ib tug tombstone inscription, feem ntau nyob rau hauv nqe. Hom E. tsim nyob rau hauv Dr. Greece thiab Rome. Nyob rau hauv European kab lis kev cai, ob qho tib si paj huam tiag tiag thiab ib qho tsis tseeb, zoo li nws yog, rov tsim nws - paj huam nyob rau hauv lub siab ntawm lub qhov ntxa inscription, uas muaj nyob rau tib txoj cai li lwm cov paj huam "tsis siv tau" - tau siv. Preserved E., nplooj siab rau cov tshuab raj, piv txwv li. trumpeter ntawm cov tub rog Roman (saib phau ntawv: Fedorova EV, Latin Inscriptions, M., 1976, pp. 140, 250, No 340) thiab tus tswv ntawm lub cev, "leej twg paub yuav ua li cas ua dej hauv nruab nrog cev thiab txawm hais txog kev txav mus los (ntawm dej hauv lawv). Qee zaum, E. tiag kuj yog suab paj nruag. Yog li, ntawm lub qhov ntxa ntawm Seikil hauv Tralles (Lydia, Asia Minor) ca. 100 BC e. ib qho kev kaw suab nkauj nrog cov ntawv sau tau raug muab sau tseg (saib cov suab paj nruag piv txwv hauv kab lus Ancient Greek hom). Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 19th feem ntau tsim muses. cov khoom, uas nyob rau hauv lawv cov xwm sib raug rau lub tswv yim ntawm u2buXNUMXbE. thiab qee zaum dais lub npe no. Ntawm lawv yog lub thib XNUMX ntawm Berlioz's Funeral thiab Triumphal Symphony (Qhov ntxa Speech rau solo trombone), E. mus rau lub ntxa ntawm Max Egon ntawm Furstenberg "rau flute, clarinet thiab harp los ntawm Stravinsky, peb E. ("Drei Grabschriften") Dessau pe op. B. Brecht (hauv nco txog VI Lenin, M. Gorky thiab R. Luxembourg), E. ntawm kev tuag ntawm K. Shimanovsky rau txoj hlua. Sheligovsky orchestra, vocal-symphony. E. nco txog F. Garcia Lorca Nono thiab lwm tus. E. muaj feem xyuam rau lwm yam khoom. npe. memorial genres – lub ntees tuag taug kev, tsis kam lees, tombstone (Le tombeau; suite "Lub qhov ntxa ntawm Couperin" rau lub pianoforte Ravel, "Sorrowful Song" rau Lyadov Orchestra), ib co elegies, Lamento, Nyob rau hauv memoriam (introit "In Memory of TS Eliot » Stravinsky, "In memoriam" rau orchestra Schnittke).
Cov ntawv luam tawm: Greek epigram, trans. с древнегреч., (M., 1960); Epigraphical Latin nkauj. Br. Buecheler, fasc. 1-3, Lipsia, 1895-1926; Latin sepulchral nkauj. Sau los ntawm J. Cholodniak, Petropolis, 1897.
References: Petrovsky PA, Latin epigraphic paj huam, M., 1962; Ramsay WM, Unedited inscriptions of Asia Minor, Bulletin de Correspondance Hellénique, 1883, v. 7, No. 21, p. 277–78; Crusius O., Ein Liederfragment auf einer antiken Statuenbasis, “Philologus”, 1891, Bd 50, S. 163-72; nws tus kheej, Zu neuentdeckten antiken Musikresten, ibid., 1893, S. 160-200; Martin E., Trois cov ntaub ntawv ntawm musique grecque, P., 1953, p. 48–55; Fischer W., Das Grablied des Seikilos, der einzige Zeuge des antiken weltlichen Liedes, in Ammann-Festgabe, Vol. 1, Innsbruck, 1953, S. 153-65.
EV Gertzman
