Bayan: nws yog dab tsi, ntsuas muaj pes tsawg leeg, suab, keeb kwm, hom, siv

Tau tshwm sim thawj zaug hauv Tebchaws Europe, khawm accordion, raws li ib hom kev sib haum xeeb, tau nthuav dav thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Tab sis cov cuab yeej suab paj nruag no tseem nyiam txoj kev hlub loj tshaj plaws hauv tebchaws Russia - tsis yog ib qho kev hais kwv txhiaj ntawm pej xeem suab paj nruag yog qhov xav tsis thoob yog tsis muaj nws.

Dab tsi yog khawm accordion

Cov pab pawg ntawm cov twj paj nruag uas khawm accordion belongs yog reed, keyboard-pneumatic. Qhov no yog Lavxias teb sab version ntawm phau ntawv accordion nrog ob lub keyboards. Tus txheeb ze ze tshaj plaws yog accordion.

Qhov ntsuas muaj ntau lub suab - 5 octaves. Cov qauv ntawm qhov ntsuas yog sib npaug-tempered.

Universal - haum rau soloists, accompanists. Suab nplua nuj, muaj peev xwm hloov tau tag nrho cov orchestra. Bayan yog raug rau tej suab paj nruag - los ntawm pej xeem mus rau virtuoso, classical.

Yuav ua li cas yog lub khawm accordion

Qhov kev npaj ntawm lub pob accordion yog qhov nyuaj, conditionally lub ntsuas tau muab faib ua sab laug thiab sab xis, ntawm qhov uas cov furs nyob.

Txoj cai

Nws yog lub thawv duab plaub uas lub caj dab, soundboard, tshwj xeeb mechanisms txuas nrog. Los ntawm nias ib qho yuam sij, tus neeg ua yeeb yam pib lub tshuab. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub valve yog lifted sab hauv, muab cua nkag mus rau lub resonators.

Cov khoom ntawm lub thawv yog ntoo (birch, spruce, maple).

Sab nraud ntawm lub caj dab yog nruab nrog cov yuam sij ua si hauv chromatic kev txiav txim. Cov qauv sib txawv yuav muaj peb, plaub, tsib kab ntawm cov yuam sij.

sab laug

Sab laug lub thawv kuj muaj ib qho keypad. Cov nyees khawm tau muab faib ua 5-6 kab. Thawj ob kab yog basses, tus so yog npaj txhij-ua chords. Muaj ib daim ntawv teev npe tshwj xeeb uas tso cai rau koj hloov lub suab rho tawm txoj kev los ntawm kev npaj rau kev xaiv. Nyob rau hauv lub thawv muaj ib tug complex mechanism nrog kev pab los ntawm lub suab yuav muab rho tawm nrog sab laug tes nyob rau hauv 2 lub tshuab: npaj txhij, npaj-xaiv.

Plaub

Lub hom phiaj - kev sib txuas ntawm sab laug, sab xis ntawm lub khawm accordion. Nws yog ua los ntawm cardboard, pasted nrog ib daim ntaub rau saum. Tus qauv plaub chamber muaj 14-15 folds.

Sab nraub qaum ntawm qhov ntsuas yog nruab nrog cov hlua uas pab tus neeg ua yeeb yam tuav cov qauv. Qhov nruab nrab qhov hnyav ntawm khawm accordion yog impressive - txog 10 kg. Qhov hnyav tshaj plaws, cov qauv orchestral, ncav cuag qhov hnyav ntawm 15 kg.

Yuav ua li cas accordion?

Cov cuab yeej yog hlub rau nws kev nthuav qhia, nplua nuj muaj peev xwm, dav dav rau improvisation.

Lub suab accordion yog ci, nplua nuj, muaj peev xwm nthuav tawm tag nrho cov gamut ntawm tib neeg txoj kev xav, los ntawm kev zoo siab rau kev mob siab. Lawv yug los, ua tsaug rau kev vibrations ntawm reeds nyob rau hauv lub suab tuav, lawv yog cov yas heev, muaj yeeb yuj.

Lub xub ntiag ntawm cov ntawv sau npe yog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov qauv, uas tso cai rau koj kom muaj kev sib txawv ntawm cov ntoo, muab lub suab ib qho ntxoov ntxoo, los ntawm kev sib tw ntawm lub violin mus rau monumentality ntawm lub cev. Cov kws tshaj lij ntseeg tau hais tias ib lub pob accordion tuaj yeem ua tiav hloov lub suab paj nruag me me, nws zoo nkauj heev.

Keeb kwm ntawm khawm accordion

Qee cov kws tshawb fawb suav txog keeb kwm ntawm kev txhim kho lub khawm accordion rau ntau txhiab xyoo, hu ua cov cuab yeej oriental "sheng" progenitor. Nws tshwm sim txog 3 txhiab xyoo dhau los, tau nruab nrog cov nplais, thiab tom qab ntawd txhim kho, tau txais ntau hom.

Thawj khawm accordion tau tshwm sim hauv Tebchaws Europe. Ntau tus tswv tau muaj tes hauv nws qhov kev tsim ib zaug: Czech F. Kirchner, German F. Bushman, Austrian K. Demian. Raws li txoj cai, Bavarian craftsman G. Mirwald yog suav hais tias yog "txiv" ntawm lub pob accordion niaj hnub no, yog li lub teb chaws Yelemees hu ua qhov chaw yug ntawm lub cuab yeej.

Mirwald tau tsim lub khawm accordion hauv xyoo 1891. Tus tswv tau txhim kho tus qauv ntawm tes harmonica paub txog txhua tus, muab nws nrog peb-kab keyboard, nce qhov ntau mus rau plaub octaves, thiab kho ntau qhov tsis txaus.

European musicians tsis xav nyob rau hauv lub innovation, kev txaus siab nyob rau hauv nws txawv teb chaws yog tsis muaj zog. Tab sis nyob rau hauv Russia, qhov twg cov cuab yeej raug coj nyob rau hauv 1892, nws instantly tau muaj koob meej. Lawv tuaj nrog ib tug neeg Lavxias teb sab lub npe rau nws - nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm Boyan, zoo tshaj plaws ancient storyteller nyob rau hauv Russia. Yog li, peb tuaj yeem xav txog lub ntiaj teb thawj accordion raws li lub tswv yim hauv tsev - hauv lwm lub teb chaws cov cuab yeej no muaj lub npe txawv.

Bayans ua nyob rau hauv Russia saib txawv - cov masters sim diversify tus qauv ntau yam, tso cov qauv nrog ib tug timbre reminiscent ntawm clarinets, accordions, pianos.

Lavxias teb sab novelty nkag mus rau lub orchestra nrog lub teeb txhais tes ntawm tus tswv Sterligov, uas tsim ib tug 4-5 kab keyboard tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov kws suab paj nruag. Cov qauv ntawm nws tus qauv yog yuav luag zoo tib yam rau cov qauv niaj hnub.

Ntau yam ntawm khawm accordions

Niaj hnub no, muaj 2 hom tseem ceeb - orchestral, zoo tib yam.

Orchestral

Ib qho tshwj xeeb yog lub xub ntiag ntawm cov keyboard nkaus xwb ntawm sab xis. Muaj ob pawg ntawm kev hloov kho orchestral:

• Cov qauv sib txawv ntawm cov suab nrov (piccolo, ob chav ntses bass thaj tsam, ntses bass thaj tsam, alto, tenor, prima),
• Cov qauv sib txawv ntawm cov xim timbre (oboe, flute, trumpet, clarinet, bassoon).

Qub

Cov pab pawg no suav nrog 2 hom cuab yeej sib txawv hauv qhov kev sib txuas lus uas tau muab rau sab laug tes:

• npaj txhij - cov nyees khawm ntawm sab laug yog basses thiab npaj chords,
• ready-elective - muaj 2 lub tshuab (npaj, xaiv) nrog lub peev xwm los hloov lawv los ntawm kev sau npe tshwj xeeb. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov cuab yeej zoo li no tau nce, tab sis nws nyuaj rau tus kws ntaus nkauj ua si.

Cov qauv kuj tau muab faib los ntawm cov lej pov npav: 2, 3, 4, 5-lub suab yog qhov txawv.

siv

Lub versatility ntawm lub twj paj nruag, muaj peev xwm ntawm soloing, accompaniment, tso cai rau koj siv nws nyob txhua qhov chaw - nyob rau hauv pej xeem orchestras, ensembles. Txhua hom suab paj nruag, los ntawm techno mus rau jazz, pob zeb, suav nrog nws hauv lawv cov suab paj nruag.

Bayan mus zoo nrog yuav luag txhua hom twj paj nruag uas twb muaj lawm - keyboards, cua, hlua, percussion. Nws zoo kawg nkaus suab ua haujlwm ntawm classics - Beethoven, Bach, Tchaikovsky.

Tab sis qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, Kev Ua Si ntawm nws muaj rau cov kiv cua. Yog li ntawd, Lavxias teb sab txhim kho harmonica feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv kab tshoob kev kos, tsev thiab tsev neeg ua koob tsheej.