Antal Doráti (Antal Doráti) |

Doráti Antal: koj puas xav tau ntau tus thwjtim?

Muaj ob peb tus thawj coj uas muaj ntau cov ntaub ntawv raws li Antalu Dorati. Ob peb xyoos dhau los, cov tuam txhab Asmeskas tau muab nws cov ntaub ntawv kub - rau ib thiab ib nrab lab discs muag; thiab ib xyoos tom qab ntawd lawv yuav tsum tau muab tus neeg xyuas pib dua li qhov khoom plig thib ob. "Tej zaum yog daim ntawv teev npe ntiaj teb!" exclaimed ib tug ntawm cov neeg thuam. Qhov kev siv ntawm Dorati txoj kev ua yeeb yam yog qhov loj heev. Yuav luag tsis muaj qhov loj orchestra hauv Tebchaws Europe uas nws yuav tsis ua txhua xyoo; tus neeg xyuas pib muab ntau lub concerts ib xyoos, NW nyuam qhuav tswj ya los ntawm ib lub teb chaws mus rau lwm lub dav hlau. Thiab nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov - festivals: Venice, Montreux, Lucerne, Florence ... Lub sijhawm so yog sau rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv. Thiab thaum kawg, nyob rau lub sijhawm luv luv, thaum tus kws kos duab tsis nyob ntawm lub console, nws tswj hwm cov suab paj nruag: tsuas yog nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no nws tau sau cantatas, cello concerto, symphony thiab ntau chav sib xyaw.

Thaum nug tias nws nrhiav sijhawm rau qhov twg, Dorathy teb tias: “Nws yooj yim heev. Kuv sawv txhua hnub thaum 7 teev sawv ntxov thiab ua haujlwm ntawm xya mus rau cuaj ib nrab teev. Qee zaum txawm tias yav tsaus ntuj. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas kuv tau raug qhia thaum kuv tseem yog menyuam yaus kom mob siab rau ua haujlwm. Hauv tsev, hauv Budapest, nws ib txwm ua zoo li no: hauv ib chav, kuv txiv tau muab kev kawm violin, hauv lwm qhov, kuv niam ntaus piano.

Dorati yog Hungarian los ntawm haiv neeg. Bartok thiab Kodai feem ntau mus xyuas nws niam nws txiv lub tsev. Dorati txiav txim siab thaum nws tseem hluas los ua tus thawj coj. Twb yog thaum muaj hnub nyoog kaum plaub, nws tau tsim ib tug tub ntxhais kawm orchestra hauv nws lub gymnasium, thiab thaum kaum yim nws ib txhij tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj gymnasium thiab daim ntawv pov thawj los ntawm Academy of Music hauv piano (los ntawm E. Donany) thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg (los ntawm L. Weiner). Nws tau txais los ua tus pab cuam ntawm lub opera. Kev sib thooj rau lub voj voog ntawm cov kws ntaus suab paj nruag tau pab Dorati kom ua tiav ntawm txhua qhov tseeb hauv cov suab paj nruag niaj hnub, thiab kev ua haujlwm hauv opera tau pab txhawb kom tau txais cov kev paub tsim nyog.

Xyoo 1928, Dorati tawm hauv Budapest thiab mus txawv tebchaws. Nws ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug neeg xyuas pib nyob rau hauv lub theaters ntawm Munich thiab Dresden, muab concerts. Lub siab xav mus ncig nws coj nws mus rau Monte Carlo, mus rau tus thawj coj ntawm Lavxias teb sab Ballet - tus successor mus rau lub Diaghilev troupe. Tau ntau xyoo - los ntawm 1934 txog 1940 - Dorati ncig xyuas nrog Monte Carlo Ballet hauv Tebchaws Europe thiab Amelikas. Cov koom haum kev hais kwv txhiaj Asmeskas tau nyiam tus neeg saib xyuas: xyoo 1937 nws tau ua nws thawj zaug nrog National Symphony Orchestra hauv Washington, xyoo 1945 nws tau raug caw los ua tus thawj coj hauv Dallas, thiab plaub xyoos tom qab nws hloov Mitropoulos ua tus thawj coj ntawm lub suab paj nruag hauv Minneapolis, qhov chaw nws nyob tau kaum ob xyoos.

Cov xyoo no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv biography ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib; nyob rau hauv tag nrho nws txoj kev ci ntsa iab, nws lub peev xwm ua tus kws qhia ntawv thiab tus neeg ua haujlwm tau tshwm sim. Mitropoulos, ua ib tus kws ua yeeb yam ci ntsa iab, tsis nyiam ua haujlwm nrog lub suab paj nruag thiab tawm hauv pab pawg neeg tsis zoo. Dorati sai sai tau tsa nws mus rau theem ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws American orchestras, nto moo rau lawv txoj kev qhuab qhia, kev sib luag ntawm lub suab thiab kev sib koom ua ke. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, Dorathy tau ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv teb chaws Askiv, los ntawm qhov chaw uas nws ua nws ntau concerts tours. Nrog kev ua tiav zoo yog nws qhov kev ua yeeb yam "hauv nws lub tebchaws, "Tus thawj coj zoo yuav tsum muaj ob qhov zoo," Dorati hais tias, "thawj, cov suab paj nruag dawb huv: nws yuav tsum nkag siab thiab hnov ​​lub suab paj nruag. Qhov no mus tsis hais. Qhov thib ob zoo li tsis muaj dab tsi ua nrog suab paj nruag: tus neeg xyuas pib yuav tsum muaj peev xwm muab kev txiav txim. Tab sis hauv kev kos duab ntawm "kev txiav txim" txhais tau tias qee yam txawv dua li, hais, hauv tub rog. Hauv kev kos duab, koj tsis tuaj yeem muab xaj vim tias koj yog qib siab dua: cov kws ntaus nkauj yuav tsum xav ua si raws li tus neeg xyuas pib qhia rau lawv.

Nws yog lub suab paj nruag thiab meej meej ntawm nws lub tswv yim uas nyiam Dorati. Kev ua haujlwm ntev nrog kev ntaus pob ncaws pob qhia nws lub suab lus qhuab qhia. Nws tshwj xeeb tshaj yog subtly conveys yeeb yuj ballet suab paj nruag. Qhov no tau lees paub, tshwj xeeb, los ntawm nws cov ntaub ntawv teev tseg ntawm Stravinsky's The Firebird, Borodin's Polovtsian Dances, suite ntawm Delibes 'Coppélia, thiab nws tus kheej suite ntawm waltzes los ntawm J. Strauss.

Kev coj noj coj ua tas li ntawm lub suab paj nruag loj loj tau pab Dorati tsis txhob txwv nws qhov kev ua yeeb yam rau kaum tsib cov haujlwm qub thiab niaj hnub, tab sis kom nthuav dav nws. Qhov no yog pov thawj los ntawm ib daim ntawv teev cov cursory ntawm nws lwm cov ntaub ntawv tshaj plaws. Ntawm no peb pom ntau yam ntawm Beethoven's symphonies, Tchaikovsky's Plaub thiab Rau, Dvorak's Fifth, Rimsky-Korsakov's Scheherazade, Bartók's Bluebeard's Castle, Liszt's Hungarian Rhapsodies thiab Enescu's Romanian Rhapsodies, thiab excerpt. "Ib tug neeg Amelikas hauv Paris" los ntawm Gershwin, ntau qhov kev hais kwv txhiaj uas Dorati ua ib tus khub sib tw thiab sib luag ntawm cov neeg hu nkauj xws li G. Shering, B. Jainis, thiab lwm cov kws ua yeeb yam nto moo.

“Contemporary Conductors”, M. 1969.