Zdeněk Chalabala |

Zdenek Chalabala

Nws compatriots hu ua Halabala ib tug "phooj ywg ntawm Lavxias teb sab suab paj nruag". Thiab qhov tseeb, txhua qhov chaw uas tus kws kos duab tau ua haujlwm rau ntau xyoo ntawm nws txoj haujlwm ua tus thawj coj, Lavxias teb sab suab paj nruag yeej ib txwm nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm nws txoj kev xav nrog rau Czech thiab Slovak suab paj nruag.

Halabala yog ib tug neeg ua yeeb yam yug. Nws tuaj rau lub theatre hauv 1924 thiab thawj zaug sawv ntawm lub podium hauv lub nroog me Ugreshski Hradiste. Ib tug kawm tiav ntawm Brno Conservatory, ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv ntawm L. Janáček thiab F. Neumann, nws sai heev qhia nws lub peev xwm, coj ob qho tib si nyob rau hauv lub ua yeeb yam thiab nyob rau hauv concerts ntawm lub Slovak Philharmonic nrhiav tau nrog nws kev koom tes. Txij li thaum xyoo 1925, nws pib ua haujlwm ntawm Brno Folk Theatre, uas tom qab ntawd nws tau los ua tus thawj coj.

Los ntawm lub sij hawm no, tsis tsuas yog lub tswv yim style ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib tau txiav txim siab, tab sis kuj cov kev taw qhia ntawm nws kev ua si: nws staged lub operas ntawm Dvořák thiab Fibich nyob rau hauv Brno, nquag txhawb txoj hauj lwm ntawm L. Janáček, tig mus rau lub suab paj nruag ntawm niaj hnub composers. - Novak, Förster, E. Schulhoff, B. Martina, mus rau Lavxias teb sab classics ("The Snow Maiden", "Prince Igor", "Boris Godunov", "Khovanshchina", "The Tsar's Bride", "Kitezh"). Lub luag haujlwm loj hauv nws txoj hmoo tau ua si los ntawm kev sib tham nrog Chaliapin, uas tus thawj coj hu ua ib tus ntawm nws "cov kws qhia tiag tiag": xyoo 1931, tus neeg hu nkauj Lavxias tau mus ncig rau Brno, ua haujlwm ntawm Boris.

Hauv kaum xyoo tom ntej, ua haujlwm ua ke nrog V. Talich ntawm Prague National Theatre, Halabala tau coj los ntawm tib lub hauv paus ntsiab lus. Nrog rau Czech thiab Lavxias teb sab classics, nws staged operas los ntawm B. Vomachka, M. Krejci, I. Zelinka, F. Shkroupa.

Lub hnub qub ntawm Halabala txoj haujlwm tau los nyob rau lub sijhawm tom qab tsov rog. Nws yog tus thawj coj ntawm cov chaw ua yeeb yam loj tshaj plaws hauv Czechoslovakia - hauv Ostrava (1945-1947), Brno (1949-1952), Bratislava (1952-1953) thiab, thaum kawg, los ntawm 1953 mus txog rau thaum kawg ntawm nws lub neej nws tau mus rau National Theatre. hauv Prague. Ci ntsa iab productions ntawm domestic thiab Lavxias teb sab classics, xws li niaj hnub operas li Svyatopluk los ntawm Sukhonya thiab Prokofiev's Tale ntawm ib tug tiag tiag txiv neej, coj Halabala zoo-deserved paub.

Tus neeg xyuas pib tau rov ua dua txawv teb chaws - hauv Yugoslavia, Poland, East Germany, Ltalis. Hauv 1 nws tau mus rau USSR thawj zaug nrog Prague National Theatre, ua Smetana's The Bartered Bride thiab Dvořák's Rusalka. Thiab ob xyoos tom qab ntawd nws mus ncig ntawm Moscow Bolshoi Theatre, qhov chaw uas nws koom nrog kev tsim khoom ntawm "Boris Godunov", "Taming ntawm Shrew" los ntawm Shebalin, "Nws tus ntxhais xeeb ntxwv" los ntawm Janacek thiab Leningrad - "Lub Mermaid" los ntawm Dvorak . Kev ua yeeb yam tau ua raws li nws cov lus qhia tau hu los ntawm Moscow xov xwm "ib qho xwm txheej tseem ceeb hauv lub suab paj nruag"; Cov neeg thuam tau qhuas txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm "tus kws ua yeeb yam tsis meej pem thiab nkag siab tiag tiag" uas "ua rau cov neeg mloog nrog kev txhais lus zoo."

Cov yam ntxwv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Halabala lub peev xwm - qhov tob thiab qhov tob tob, dav dav, nplai ntawm cov ntsiab lus - kuj tau tshwm sim hauv cov ntaub ntawv nws tau tso tseg, suav nrog cov yeeb yaj kiab "Whirlpool" los ntawm Sukhonya, "Sharka" los ntawm Fibich, "Devil thiab Kacha" los ntawm Dvorak thiab lwm tus, nrog rau ua nyob rau hauv USSR kaw ntawm V. Shebalin's opera "Lub Taming ntawm lub Shrew".

L. Grigoriev, J. Platek