Veniamin Efimovich Basner |
Veniamin Basner
Basner belongs rau tiam tom qab tsov rog ntawm Soviet composers, nyob thiab ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv Leningrad. Ntau yam ntawm nws txoj kev nyiam yog dav: operetta, ballet, symphony, chamber-instrumental thiab vocal compositions, zaj duab xis suab paj nruag, nkauj, plays rau ntau yam orchestra. Tus kws sau paj huam muaj kev ntseeg siab ntawm ob qho tib si hauv cov duab ntawm heroic-romantic thiab lyrical-psychological dluab, nws nyob ze rau refined xav, thiab qhib kev xav, nrog rau kev lom zem thiab tus cwj pwm.
Veniamin Efimovich Basner yug rau lub Ib Hlis 1, 1925 nyob rau hauv Yaroslavl, qhov chaw uas nws kawm tiav nyob rau hauv ib tug xya-xyoo lub tsev kawm ntawv suab paj nruag thiab ib tug suab paj nruag tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv lub violin chav kawm ntawv. Kev ua tsov ua rog thiab kev pabcuam hauv Soviet Army cuam tshuam nws txoj kev kawm suab paj nruag. Tom qab ua tsov ua rog, Basner kawm tiav los ntawm Leningrad Conservatory raws li ib tug violinist (1949). Thaum kawm nyob rau hauv lub tsev khaws puav pheej, nws tau los ua ib tug xav nyob rau hauv sau thiab tsis tu ncua mus kawm lub composer chav kawm ntawm DD Shostakovich.
Thawj qhov kev muaj tswv yim zoo tuaj rau Basner hauv 1955. Nws Lub Quartet Thib Ob tau txais qhov khoom plig ntawm kev sib tw thoob ntiaj teb hauv Warsaw, tuav ua ib feem ntawm 1958th Ntiaj Teb Kev Ncaj Ncees ntawm Cov Hluas. Tus kws sau ntawv muaj tsib quartets, symphony (1966), Violin Concerto (1963), oratorio "Spring. Nkauj. Kev tsis sib haum xeeb” rau nqe lus ntawm L. Martynov (XNUMX).
V. Basner yog tus kws sau zaj duab xis loj. Ntau tshaj li tsib caug zaj yeeb yaj kiab tau tsim nrog nws txoj kev koom tes, suav nrog: "Tus Neeg Tuag Tsis Muaj Tub Rog", "Txoj hmoo ntawm tus txiv neej", "Midshipman Panin", "Kev Sib Tw ntawm Txoj Kev", "Striped Flight", "Native Blood", "Silence ”, “Lawv Hu, qhib qhov rooj”, “Shield thiab ntaj”, “Ntawm txoj kev mus rau Berlin”, “Wagtail Army rov qab los ua haujlwm”, “Tus Ambassador ntawm Soviet Union”, “Red Square”, “Lub Ntiaj Teb. Txiv neej". Ntau nplooj ntawv ntawm Basner cov yeeb yaj kiab suab paj nruag tau pom lub neej ywj pheej ntawm qhov kev hais kwv txhiaj thiab tau hnov hauv xov tooj cua. Nthuav dav yog nws zaj nkauj "Ntawm lub Nameless Height" los ntawm zaj duab xis "Silence", "Where the Motherland Begins" los ntawm zaj duab xis "Shield thiab ntaj", "Birch sap" los ntawm zaj duab xis "World Guy", Mexican seev cev los ntawm zaj duab xis “Native Blood”.
Nyob rau theem ntawm ntau lub tsev ua yeeb yam hauv lub tebchaws, Basner's ballet The Three Musketeers (ib qho kev tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm cov ntawv tshiab los ntawm A. Dumas) tau ua tiav. Cov suab paj nruag ntawm ballet yog cim los ntawm kev paub txog orchestration, zoo siab thiab wit. Txhua tus cwj pwm tseem ceeb tau txais txiaj ntsig nrog cov cim suab paj nruag zoo. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm "pab pawg portrait" ntawm peb musketeers khiav los ntawm tag nrho cov kev ua tau zoo. Peb operettas raws li ib tug libretto los ntawm E. Galperina thiab Y. Annenkov—Polar Star (1966), A Heroine Wanted (1968) thiab Southern Cross (1970) — ua Basner ib tug ntawm cov feem ntau "repertoire" operetta sau ntawv.
"Cov no tsis yog operettas nrog "tus lej", tab sis cov suab paj nruag ua haujlwm tiag tiag, cim los ntawm kev siv zog ntawm kev txhim kho thematic thiab ua tib zoo piav qhia cov ntsiab lus. Basner lub suab paj nruag captivates nrog kev nplua nuj ntawm cov suab paj nruag, suab paj nruag ntau yam, muaj yeeb yuj sib haum xeeb thiab ci ntsa iab orchestration. Lub suab nkauj yog qhov txawv ntawm kev ua siab dawb siab zoo, muaj peev xwm nrhiav tau intonations uas xav tias zoo li niaj hnub no. Ua tsaug rau qhov no, txawm tias cov ntaub ntawv ib txwm muaj ntawm operetta tau txais ib hom kev cuam tshuam hauv Basner txoj haujlwm. (Beletsky I. Veniamin Basner. Monographic essay. L. – M., “Soviet composer”, 1972.).
VE Basner tuag rau lub Cuaj Hlis 3, 1996 hauv lub zos Repino ze St.
L. Mikheeva, A. Orelovich
