Nazib Zhiganov |

Nazib Zhiganov

Nkauj, hauv kuv siab, kuv tau cog koj cov qoob loo…

Cov kab no los ntawm Musa Jalil's "Moabit Notebook" tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau lub suab paj nruag ntawm nws tus phooj ywg thiab tus neeg koom tes muaj tswv yim N. Zhiganov. Kev ncaj ncees rau lub hauv paus ntawm kev kos duab ntawm Tatar pej xeem suab paj nruag, nws nrhiav tau txoj hauv kev qub thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau nws txoj kev sib raug zoo nrog lub tswv yim ntawm lub ntiaj teb suab paj nruag classics. Nws yog nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus no uas nws txawj ntse thiab thawj ua hauj lwm loj hlob - 8 operas, 3 ballets, 17 symphonies, collections ntawm piano pieces, nkauj, romances.

Zhiganov yug hauv tsev neeg ua haujlwm. Tau ploj nws niam nws txiv thaum ntxov, nws tau siv sijhawm ntau xyoo hauv tsev kho mob menyuam ntsuag. Lub zog thiab muaj zog, Nazib sawv tawm ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawm Ural Pioneer Commune nrog nws lub peev xwm ua suab paj nruag. Qhov kev ntshaw rau kev kawm loj ua rau nws mus rau Kazan, qhov twg hauv 1928 nws tau txais mus rau Kazan Musical College. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg ntawm 1931, Zhiganov los ua ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv Moscow Regional Music College (tam sim no lub tsev kawm ntawv suab paj nruag nyob rau hauv Moscow Conservatory). Creative kev vam meej tso cai rau Nazib, raws li kev pom zoo ntawm N. Myaskovsky, nyob rau hauv 1935 los ua ib tug thib peb-xyoo kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv Moscow Conservatory nyob rau hauv chav kawm ntawm nws qub xib fwb, xib fwb G. Litinsky. Txoj hmoo ntawm cov hauj lwm loj tsim nyob rau hauv lub Conservatory xyoo dhau los ua enviable: nyob rau hauv 1938, thawj symphony concert, uas qhib lub Tatar State Philharmonic, nws thawj Symphony tau ua, thiab nyob rau lub rau hli ntuj 17, 1939, zus tau tej cov opera. Kachkyn (The Fugitive, lib. A Fayzi) qhib lub Tatar State Opera thiab Ballet Theatre. Kev tshoov siab tus neeg hu nkauj ntawm kev ua yeeb yam ntawm cov neeg hauv lub npe Niam Txiv - thiab lub ntsiab lus no, ntxiv rau "Kachkyn", tau mob siab rau cov yeeb yaj kiab "Irek" ("Kev ywj pheej", 1940), "Ildar" (1942) , "Tyulyak" (1945), "Namus" (" Honour, 1950), - tus kws sau nkauj feem ntau ua rau lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau nws hauv nws cov hauj lwm saum toj kawg nkaus - hauv keeb kwm thiab legendary opera "Altynchach" ("Golden-Haired", 1941, libre. M. Jalil) thiab hauv opera-poem "Jalil" (1957, lib. A. Faizi). Ob leeg ua haujlwm txaus siab nrog kev xav thiab lub siab lub ntsws qhov tob thiab lub siab dawb paug ntawm lub suab paj nruag, nrog kev qhia suab paj nruag khaws cia lub teb chaws lub hauv paus, thiab kev txawj ntse ua ke ntawm kev tsim thiab kev sib koom ua ke nrog kev ua tau zoo los ntawm kev loj hlob symphonic.

Zhiganov txoj kev pab zoo rau Tatar symphonism yog inseparably cuam tshuam nrog opera. Cov paj huam symphonic "Kyrlai" (raws li zaj dab neeg "Shurale" los ntawm G. Tukay), ua yeeb yam "Nafisa", suite Symphonic novels thiab Symphonic nkauj, 17 symphonies, merging ua ke, yog perceived li ci tshooj ntawm lub symphonic. Chronicle: dluab ntawm cov neeg txawj ntse tales los rau hauv lawv lub neej, ces captivating cov duab ntawm ib txwm xwm yog pleev xim rau, ces kev sib tsoo ntawm heroic tawm tsam nthuav, ces suab paj nruag kos rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no ntawm lyrical kev xav, thiab lub sij hawm ntawm ib tug pej xeem-txhua hnub los yog zoo heev xwm. hloov los ntawm kev qhia ntawm kev ua yeeb yam climaxes.

Lub tswv yim credo, tus yam ntxwv ntawm Zhiganov tus composer txoj kev xav, yog lub hauv paus rau cov kev ua ub no ntawm lub Kazan Conservatory, creation thiab kev tswj ntawm uas nws tau entrusted nyob rau hauv 1945. Rau ntau tshaj 40 xyoo, nws coj txoj hauj lwm ntawm kev kawm siab professionalism nyob rau hauv nws. cov menyuam kawm ntawv.

Ntawm qhov piv txwv ntawm Zhiganov txoj haujlwm, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm qhov kev hloov pauv tiag tiag hauv keeb kwm ntawm yav dhau los rov qab pentatonic suab paj nruag kab lis kev cai ntawm lub teb chaws autonomous koom pheej ntawm thaj av Volga, Siberia thiab Urals tau qhia meej. Cov nplooj ntawv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm nws cov cuab yeej cuab tam muaj tswv yim, imbued nrog lub neej-saib kev cia siab, pej xeem zoo li ci ntsa iab intonational yam ntxwv ntawm cov suab paj nruag, tau coj qhov chaw tsim nyog nyob rau hauv lub txhab nyiaj ntawm Tatar suab paj nruag classics.

Yog. Girshman

Cov khoom xyaw:

Ua yeeb yam (cov hnub tsim tawm, tag nrho hauv Tatar Opera thiab Ballet Theatre) - Kachkyn (Beglets, 1939), Irek (Cvoboda, 1940), Altynchach (Zolotovolosaya, 1941), Poet (1947), Ildar (1942, 2nd ed. - Road Pobedy. , 1954), Tyulyak (1945, 2nd ed. — Tyulyak and Cousylu, 1967), Hamus (Chest, 1950), Jalil (1957); pov pob - Fatih (1943), Zyugra (1946), Ob zaj dab neeg (Zyugra thiab Hzheri, 1970); tubkaub - Kuv koom pheej (1960); rau orchestra – 4 symphonies (1937; 2nd – Sabantuy, 1968; 3rd – Lyric, 1971; 4th, 1973), symphonic paj huam Kyrlay (1946), Suite ntawm Tatar folk ntsiab lus (1949), Symphonic songs (1965), (1952) , Symphonic Novels (1964), chamber-instrumental, piano, suab ua haujlwm; kev hlub, nkauj, thiab lwm yam.