Issay Dobroen |

Issay Dobroen

Lub npe tiag tiag thiab lub xeem - Yitzchok Zorakhovich Barabeychik. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 5 xyoos nws tau ua ib tug pianist. Nyob rau hauv 1901-11 nws kawm nyob rau hauv Moscow Conservatory nrog AA Yaroshevsky, KN Igumnov (piano chav kawm). Xyoo 1911-12 nws tau txhim kho hauv Tsev Kawm Ntawv Qib Siab Mastery ntawm Academy of Music thiab Kev Ua Yeeb Yam hauv Vienna nrog L. Godowsky. Xyoo 1917-21, tus xibfwb ntawm Moscow Philharmonic School, chav kawm piano.

Raws li ib tug neeg xyuas pib, nws ua nws debut ntawm lub Theatre. VF Komissarzhevskaya (1919), ua nyob rau hauv lub Bolshoi Theatre nyob rau hauv Moscow (1921-22). Nws ua si qhov kev hais kwv txhiaj rau VI Lenin hauv tsev ntawm EP Peshkova, suav nrog L. Beethoven's sonata "Appassionata". Txij li thaum 1923 nws nyob txawv teb chaws, ua ib tug neeg xyuas pib nyob rau hauv symphony concerts thiab opera tsev (xws li lub Dresden State Opera, qhov twg nyob rau hauv 1923 nws ua thawj cov khoom nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees Boris Godunov). Hauv 1 nws yog thawj tus thawj coj ntawm Bolshoi Volksoper hauv Berlin thiab tus thawj coj ntawm Dresden Philharmonic Concerts. Nyob rau hauv 1924-1, suab paj nruag thawj coj ntawm lub State Opera nyob rau hauv Sofia. Xyoo 1927 nws yog tus thawj coj ntawm Tsev khaws puav pheej Concert hauv Frankfurt am Main.

Xyoo 1931-35, tus thawj coj ntawm lub suab seev suab paj nruag hauv San Francisco (2 lub caij), ua yeeb yam nrog ntau lub suab paj nruag, suav nrog Minneapolis, New York, Philadelphia. Nws ncig ua tus thawj coj hauv ntau lub tebchaws nyob sab Europe, suav nrog Ltalis, Hungary, Sweden (hauv xyoo 1941-45 nws tau hais rau Royal Opera hauv Stockholm). Los ntawm 1948 nws ua yeeb yam ntawm La Scala Theatre (Milan).

Dobrovein tau txawv los ntawm kev ua suab paj nruag siab, kev paub zoo ntawm lub suab paj nruag, kev paub tshwj xeeb ntawm kev sib dhos, kev ua yeeb yam thiab lub siab zoo. Tus sau ntawm ntau yam haujlwm ntawm tus ntsuj plig ntawm Romantics thiab AN Scriabin, ntawm lawv cov paj huam, ballads, seev cev thiab lwm yam khoom rau piano, concerto rau piano thiab orchestra; 2 sonatas rau piano (qhov thib 2 yog mob siab rau Scriabin) thiab 2 rau violin thiab piano; violin pieces (nrog piano); romances, theatrical music.

Nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws, Dobrovein yog lub npe hu ua ib tug pianist. Ib tug kawm tiav ntawm Moscow Conservatory, ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv ntawm Taneyev thiab Igumnov, nws txhim kho nyob rau hauv Vienna nrog L. Godovsky thiab sai sai tau European koob meej. Twb tau nyob rau hauv Soviet lub sij hawm, Dobrovein muaj lub meej mom ntawm kev ua si ntawm Gorky lub chav tsev rau Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, uas yog heev txaus siab rau nws cov kos duab. Tus kws kos duab khaws cia lub cim xeeb ntawm lub rooj sib tham nrog Lenin rau lub neej. Ntau xyoo tom qab ntawd, them se rau tus thawj coj loj ntawm kev hloov pauv, Dobrovein tau ua kev hais kwv txhiaj hauv Berlin los ntawm Soviet Embassy rau hnub tseem ceeb ntawm kev tuag ntawm Ilyich ...

Dobrovein ua nws thawj zaug ua tus thawj coj hauv xyoo 1919 ntawm Bolshoi Theatre. Kev vam meej tau loj hlob sai heev, thiab peb xyoos tom qab ntawd nws raug caw tuaj rau Dresden los ua yeeb yam ntawm lub tsev opera. Txij thaum ntawd los, peb xyoo caum - txog thaum nws tuag - Dobrovein siv txawv teb chaws, nyob rau hauv tas li wanderings thiab ncig xyuas. Txhua qhov chaw nws tau paub thiab txaus siab rau feem ntau yog ib tus kws tshaj lij tshaj lij thiab tus neeg txhais lus zoo ntawm Lavxias teb sab suab paj nruag. Txawm tias nyob rau hauv Dresden, ib tug yeej muaj tseeb yeej coj nws lub zus tau tej cov "Boris Godunov" - thawj nyob rau hauv lub German theem. Tom qab ntawd nws rov ua qhov kev vam meej hauv Berlin, thiab ntau tom qab - tom qab Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib Ob - Toscanini caw Dobrovijn mus rau La Scala, qhov chaw nws tau ua Boris Godunov, Khovanshchina, Prince Igor rau peb lub caij (1949-1951). ”, “Kitezh”, “Firebird”, “Scheherazade”…

Dobrovein tau mus ncig thoob ntiaj teb. Nws tau ua yeeb yam hauv kev ua yeeb yam thiab kev hais kwv txhiaj hauv Rome, Venice, Budapest, Stockholm, Sofia, Oslo, Helsinki, New York, San Francisco thiab ntau lub nroog. Nyob rau hauv lub 30s, tus kws ua yeeb yam tau ua haujlwm rau qee lub sijhawm hauv Asmeskas, tab sis ua tsis tiav nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb kev lag luam suab paj nruag thiab rov qab mus rau Tebchaws Europe sai li sai tau. Rau kaum xyoo dhau los thiab ib nrab, Dobrovijn tau nyob hauv Sweden, ua yeeb yam thiab suab paj nruag hauv Gothenburg, ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua hauv Stockholm thiab lwm lub nroog ntawm Scandinavia thiab thoob plaws Tebchaws Europe. Lub sijhawm xyoo no, nws tau ua ntau cov ntaub ntawv sau tseg ntawm cov haujlwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab suab paj nruag (xws li Medtner's concertos nrog tus sau ua tus soloist), nrog rau Brahms 'symphonies. Cov ntaub ntawv no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm hnov ​​​​dab tsi yog qhov zais cia ntawm tus neeg saib xyuas lub ntsej muag zoo nkauj: nws txhais lus nyiam nrog kev xav tshiab, kev xav tsis thoob, kev ua yeeb yam, qee zaum, txawm li cas los xij, hnav ib tus cwj pwm sab nraud. Dobrovein yog ib tug txiv neej muaj txuj ci ntau. Ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub opera tsev ntawm cov teb chaws Europe, nws qhia nws tus kheej tsis tau tsuas yog raws li ib tug thawj chav kawm ntawv tus thawj coj, tab sis kuj raws li ib tug khoom plig thawj coj. Nws sau ua yeeb yam "1001 Nights" thiab ntau lub suab piano.

“Contemporary Conductors”, M. 1969.