Lom zem nyob rau hauv classical music

Suab paj nruag yog universal art; nws muaj peev xwm xav txog txhua yam tshwm sim uas muaj nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb, suav nrog qhov nyuaj-los-txhais qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev lom zem. Kev lom zem hauv suab paj nruag tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog cov ntawv comic - hauv opera, operetta, romance, tab sis txhua yam cuab yeej muaj peev xwm ua tau nrog nws.

Me me tricks ntawm zoo composers

Muaj ntau ntau hom kev ua suab paj nruag los tsim kom muaj kev lom zem:

• cov ntawv cuav txhob txwm tshaj tawm rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv suab paj nruag;
• tsis ncaj ncees lawm ncua;
• tsis tsim nyog nce lossis txo hauv sonority;
• suav nrog rau hauv cov suab paj nruag ntaub ntawm cov khoom sib txawv uas tsis sib haum nrog cov khoom tseem ceeb;
• imitation ntawm yooj yim recognizable suab;
• suab teebmeem thiab ntau ntxiv.

Tsis tas li ntawd, cov suab paj nruag ua haujlwm uas muaj kev zoo siab thiab zoo siab, ua siab phem lossis ua yeeb yam tuaj yeem yooj yim suav nrog hauv qeb ntawm kev lom zem, vim tias lub tswv yim ntawm "kev lom zem" hauv kev nkag siab dav yog txhua yam uas ua rau lub siab zoo siab. Qhov no yog, piv txwv li, "Ib Hmo Hmo Serenade" los ntawm W. Mozart.

W. Mozart "Little Hmo Serenade"

Txhua hom kev lom zem

Kev lom zem hauv suab paj nruag muaj ntau lub ntsej muag. Tsis muaj mob tso dag, irony, grotesque, sarcasm tig tawm yuav raug rau lub composer tus cwj mem. Muaj ntau hom kev ua suab paj nruag uas muaj feem xyuam rau kev lom zem: thiab lwm yam. Yuav luag txhua qhov classical symphony thiab sonata sau txij li lub sijhawm L. Beethoven muaj "scherzo" (feem ntau yog qhov thib peb txav). Feem ntau nws yog tag nrho ntawm lub zog thiab kev txav, kev lom zem zoo thiab tuaj yeem ua rau tus neeg mloog zoo.

Muaj cov piv txwv paub txog scherzo ua ib qho kev ywj pheej. Kev lom zem hauv suab paj nruag yog nthuav tawm heev hauv MP Mussorgsky's scherzino. Kev ua si yog hu ua "Ballet of the Unhatched Chicks." Hauv cov suab paj nruag, ib tus tuaj yeem hnov ​​​​ib qho kev coj ua ntawm cov noog chirping, fluttering ntawm me tis, thiab clumsy dhia yog depicted. Ib qho ntxiv comic nyhuv yog tsim los ntawm tus du, kom meej meej tsim suab paj nruag ntawm kev seev cev (qhov nruab nrab yog ib qho trio), uas suab tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau ntawm trills shimmering nyob rau hauv lub npe sau npe.

MP Mussorgsky. Ballet ntawm Unhatched Chicks

los ntawm series "Duab ntawm ib qho Exhibition"

Kev lom zem yog heev muaj nyob rau hauv classical music ntawm Lavxias teb sab composers. Nws yog txaus los hais txog hom comic opera, paub hauv Lavxias teb sab suab paj nruag txij thaum xyoo pua 18th. Rau comedy heroes nyob rau hauv opera classics, muaj cov yam ntxwv cov txheej txheem ntawm suab paj nruas expressiveness:

• recitative secco ("qhuav");
• comic patter;
• txhob txwm simplicity ntawm melodic qauv;
• ntau repetitions ntawm melodic thiab harmonic kab lus.

Tag nrho cov nta no muaj nyob rau hauv Farlaf qhov zoo nkauj Rondo, sau rau buffoon bass (MI Glinka's opera "Ruslan thiab Lyudmila").

Kuv Glinka. Rondo Farlafa los ntawm opera "Ruslan thiab Lyudmila"

Kev lom zem tsis tu ncua

Kev lom zem hauv cov suab paj nruag classic tsis dhau los ua qhov tsawg, thiab niaj hnub no nws suab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tshiab, framed hauv cov suab paj nruag tshiab txhais tau tias pom los ntawm cov neeg sau niaj hnub no. RK Shchedrin tau sau qhov kev ua si "Humoresque," ​​tau tsim los ntawm kev sib tham ntawm kev ceev faj, tsis txhob hnov ​​​​qab, "ploj" qee yam kev ua phem, nrog cov nruj thiab tawv. Thaum kawg, qhov tsis txaus ntseeg thiab kev thuam ploj mus nyob rau hauv lub suab ntawm lub ntse, "tawm ntawm kev ua siab ntev" zaum kawg chord.

RK Shchedrin Humoreska: koj puas xav tau ntau tus thwjtim?

Wit, cheerfulness, optimism, irony, expressiveness yog yam ntxwv ntawm ob qho tib si xwm thiab suab paj nruag ntawm SS Prokofiev. Nws comic opera "Kev Hlub rau Peb Txiv Kab Ntxwv" zoo li mloog zoo rau txhua hom kev lom zem uas twb muaj lawm los ntawm kev tso dag tsis zoo rau irony, grotesque thiab sarcasm.

Fragments los ntawm opera "Kev Hlub rau Peb Txiv Kab ntxwv"

Tsis muaj dab tsi yuav ua rau tus huab tais tu siab zoo siab txog thaum nws pom peb txiv kab ntxwv. Qhov no yuav tsum tau ua siab loj thiab siab nyiam los ntawm tus phab ej. Tom qab ntau qhov kev lom zem lom zem uas tau tshwm sim nrog tus tub huabtais, tus phab ej uas paub tab pom tus ntxhais huab tais Ninetta hauv ib lub txiv kab ntxwv thiab cawm nws ntawm kev phem phem. Ib tug triumphant, jubilant finale xaus lub opera.