Kawm cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov suab paj nruag

Lub hauv paus ntawm kev sau suab paj nruag yog qhov chaw kawm suab paj nruag loj pib. Yuav tsis muaj dab tsi superfluous nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm luv luv no, tsuas yog cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov suab paj nruag.

Tsuas muaj xya daim ntawv xwb, lawv cov npe paub txhua tus txij thaum yau: . Qhov no ntawm xya cov ntawv tseem ceeb tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv los ntawm kev rov ua dua lawv nyob rau hauv ib qho kev taw qhia - pem hauv ntej lossis rov qab. Txhua qhov rov ua dua tshiab ntawm cov koob no yuav raug hu octave.

Ob qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv uas suab paj nruag muaj nyob. Qhov no yog raws nraim li qhov tshwm sim hauv lub suab paj nruag: qhov chaw tivthaiv - lub sijhawm tivthaiv - .

Cov ntawv sau nrog cov cim tshwj xeeb hauv daim ntawv ellipses (ovals). Siv los tso saib suab suab paj nruag player: qhov siab dua lub suab ceeb toom, qhov siab dua nws qhov chaw nyob ntawm kab (los yog nruab nrab ntawm kab) ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm. Cov neeg ua haujlwm muaj xws li, uas suav los ntawm qab mus rau sab saum toj.

Txhawm rau sau qhov tseeb ntawm lub suab, sau ntawv yog siv Daws - Cov cim tshwj xeeb uas qhia txog thaj chaw ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm. Piv txwv li:

Treble clef txhais tau hais tias cov ntsiab lus siv yog G daim ntawv ntawm thawj octave, uas nyob rau kab thib ob.

Bass clef txhais tau hais tias daim ntawv F ntawm qhov me me octave, uas tau sau rau ntawm kab plaub, dhau los ua qhov taw qhia siv.

Alto clef txhais tau hais tias daim ntawv mus txog rau thawj octave yog sau rau ntawm kab thib peb.

Tenor clef qhia tias daim ntawv mus txog rau thawj octave yog sau rau ntawm kab plaub.

Cov no yog cov clefs feem ntau siv hauv kev xyaum suab paj nruag - tsis yog txhua tus kws ntaus suab paj nruag tuaj yeem nyeem cov ntawv sau tau zoo nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov clefs no; Feem ntau, cov tshuab raj nruab nrab paub ob lossis peb tus yuam sij. Koj tuaj yeem kawm paub ntxiv txog yuav ua li cas nco ntsoov sau ntawv hauv treble thiab bass clef los ntawm kev cob qhia tshwj xeeb uas muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo tom qab ua haujlwm los ntawm txhua qhov kev tawm dag zog. Nyem qhov no mus saib.

Raws li txoj cai, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov suab paj nruag tau piav qhia siv qhov piv txwv ntawm treble clef. Saib seb nws zoo li cas thiab cia peb txav mus.

Lub sij hawm hauv suab paj nruag yog ntsuas tsis nyob rau hauv vib nas this, tab sis nyob rau hauv, tab sis los ntawm txoj kev lawv tusyees alternate nyob rau hauv lawv lub zog, lawv muaj peev xwm muab piv rau lub passage ntawm vib nas this, mus rau lub uniform ntaus ntawm ib tug mem tes los yog ib lub tswb. Qhov ceev lossis qeeb ntawm kev hloov pauv yog txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov nrawm ntawm lub suab paj nruag, hu ua kev sib haum xeeb. Lub sijhawm ntawm txhua tus ntaus ib ob tuaj yeem suav tau siv lub sijhawm siv lub moos lossis lub moos nres thiab metronome - ib lub cuab yeej tshwj xeeb uas muab cov naj npawb ntawm cov neeg ntaus tib yam ib feeb.

Txhawm rau sau cov suab paj nruag hauv cov ntawv sau, ntev txhua daim ntawv. Daim duab qhia txog lub sijhawm yog hais txog kev hloov pauv ntawm cov tsos ntawm lub cim - nws tuaj yeem pleev xim rau lossis tsis, muaj qia (stick) lossis tus Tsov tus tw. Txhua lub sijhawm nyob ntawm qee qhov sib koom lossis lawv qhov chaw:

Raws li twb tau hais lawm, beats npaj lub sijhawm suab paj nruag, tab sis tsis yog txhua tus neeg ntaus suab paj nruag ua si tib lub luag haujlwm hauv cov txheej txheem no. Hauv kev nkag siab dav, cov lobes tau muab faib ua (hnyav) thiab (lub teeb). Cov neeg ntaus muaj zog tuaj yeem muab piv rau kev ntxhov siab hauv cov lus, thiab cov neeg ntaus tsis muaj zog, raws li, rau cov lus tsis muaj zog. Thiab qhov ntawd yog qhov nthuav! Hauv cov suab paj nruag, cov suab paj nruag uas muaj kev ntxhov siab thiab tsis muaj kev ntxhov siab (sib tw) hloov ua ib yam li hauv poetic meters. Thiab txawm tias qhov kev hloov pauv no nws tus kheej hu ua tsis muaj dab tsi tsawg dua qhov loj, Tsuas yog hauv kev txheeb xyuas qhov loj ntawm tes yog hu ua ko taw, thiab hauv suab paj nruag - paub cai.

Yog li ntawd, paub cai - Qhov no yog lub sijhawm los ntawm ib qho downbeat mus rau downbeat tom ntej. Qhov loj ntawm ib qho kev ntsuas muaj tus lej qhia, nco txog ib feem, uas "tus lej" thiab "tus lej" yuav qhia qhov tsis sib xws ntawm kev ntsuas: tus lej yog pes tsawg tus neeg ntaus, tus denominator yog dab tsi ceeb toom nyob rau lub sijhawm no ntaus tau ntsuas.

Qhov ntsuas ntawm qhov ntsuas yog qhia ib zaug ntawm qhov pib ntawm daim ntawv tom qab cov yuam sij. Muaj qhov ntau thiab tsawg Ib txwm, cov neeg uas tau pib kawm cov hauv paus ntawm kev paub suab paj nruag ua ntej txhua tus paub txog qhov ntau thiab tsawg. Qhov ntau thiab tsawg yog cov uas muaj ob thiab peb tus neeg ntaus, qhov ntau thiab tsawg yog cov uas tau tsim (folded) ntawm ob lossis ntau dua qhov yooj yim (piv txwv li, plaub lossis rau tus neeg ntaus).

Dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb kom nkag siab? Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab tias qhov luaj li cas txiav txim siab qhov tseeb "feem" ntawm cov suab paj nruag uas tuaj yeem "khoom" rau hauv ib qho bar (tsis ntau thiab tsis tsawg). Yog tias lub sijhawm kos npe yog 2/4, qhov no txhais tau tias tsuas yog ob lub hlis twg sau ntawv yuav haum rau qhov ntsuas. Lwm qhov yog tias cov ntawv sau hauv peb lub hlis twg tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov ntawv thib yim thiab cov ntawv thib kaum rau, lossis ua ke ua ib nrab sijhawm (thiab tom qab ntawd ib nrab daim ntawv yuav siv tag nrho cov kev ntsuas).

Zoo, uas txaus rau hnub no. Qhov no tsis yog tag nrho cov suab paj nruag, tab sis nws yog lub hauv paus zoo tiag tiag. Hauv cov ntawv hauv qab no koj yuav kawm ntau yam tshiab, piv txwv li, qhov ntse thiab tiaj tus yog dab tsi, qhov txawv ntawm kev kaw suab thiab suab paj nruag, qhov "nto moo" chords Am thiab Em yog deciphered, thiab lwm yam. , ua raws li cov kev hloov tshiab, sau koj cov lus nug hauv cov lus, qhia cov khoom nrog koj cov phooj ywg ntawm kev sib cuag (siv cov nyees khawm hauv qab ntawm nplooj ntawv).