Qib ntawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm tonalities: hauv suab paj nruag txhua yam zoo li hauv lej!

Lub ntsiab lus ntawm classical kev sib haum xeeb yuav tsum muaj kev xav tob txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov tonalities sib txawv. Qhov kev sib raug zoo no yog, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, ua los ntawm qhov zoo sib xws ntawm ntau lub tonalities nrog cov suab nrov (nrog rau cov cim tseem ceeb) thiab hu ua kev sib raug zoo ntawm tonalities.

Ua ntej, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum to taub kom meej tias, hauv paus ntsiab lus, tsis muaj kev sib txuas lus thoob ntiaj teb uas txiav txim siab txog qib ntawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm tonalities, txij li txhua tus neeg sau pom thiab ua raws li kev sib raug zoo ntawm nws tus kheej. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm li cas los xij, hauv kev xav txog suab paj nruag thiab kev xyaum, qee lub tshuab muaj nyob thiab ruaj khov, piv txwv li, cov Rimsky-Korsakov, Sposobin, Hindemith thiab ob peb lwm tus kws ntaus nkauj.

Qib ntawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm tonalities yog txiav txim los ntawm qhov sib thooj ntawm cov tonalities rau ib leeg. Cov txheej txheem rau qhov sib thooj yog qhov muaj suab nrov thiab consonances (tsuas yog triads). Nws yog qhov yooj yim! Qhov ntau qhov sib txawv, qhov sib txuas ntau dua!

Kev piav qhia! Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv rooj plaub, Dubovsky phau ntawv kawm (uas yog, phau ntawv qhia txog kev sib haum xeeb) muab txoj haujlwm meej meej ntawm kev sib raug zoo. Tshwj xeeb, nws tau raug sau tseg tias cov cim tseem ceeb tsis yog lub cim tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib raug zoo, thiab, ntxiv rau, nws yog lub npe ntshiab, sab nraud. Tab sis qhov tseem ceeb tiag tiag yog triads ntawm cov kauj ruam!

Degree ntawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm tonalities raws li Rimsky-Korsakov

Feem ntau (nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm adherents) system ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm tonalities yog lub Rimsky-Korsakov system. Nws distinguishes peb degrees los yog theem ntawm kinship.

Thawj degree kev sib raug zoo

Qhov no suav nrog 6 yuam sij, uas feem ntau txawv ntawm ib tus cwj pwm tseem ceeb. Cov no yog cov tonal scales uas nws tonic triads yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub degrees ntawm lub teev ntawm tus thawj tonality. Qhov no:

• parallel tonality (tag nrho cov suab yog tib yam);
• 2 tus yuam sij - tseem ceeb thiab sib npaug rau nws (qhov txawv yog ib lub suab);
• 2 tus yuam sij ntxiv - ib qho subdominant thiab sib npaug rau nws (kuj qhov sib txawv ntawm ib qho tseem ceeb kos npe);
• thiab qhov kawg, thib rau, tonality - ntawm no yog qhov tshwj xeeb uas yuav tsum tau nco qab (hauv qhov loj nws yog lub tonality ntawm lub subdominant, tab sis coj nyob rau hauv ib tug me me harmonic version, thiab nyob rau hauv me me nws yog lub tonality ntawm lub dominant, kuj coj noj. mus rau hauv tus account qhov hloov ntawm VII kauj ruam nyob rau hauv lub harmonic me, thiab yog li ntawd loj).

Thib ob degree kev sib raug zoo

Hauv pab pawg no 12 yuam sij (ntawm uas 8 yog tib yam modal inclination nrog tus tseem ceeb thawj, thiab 4 yog ntawm qhov opposite). Ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov tonalities tuaj qhov twg? Txhua yam ntawm no zoo li hauv kev lag luam network: ntxiv rau qhov twb pom tonalities ntawm thawj qib kev sib raug zoo, cov neeg koom tes tau nrhiav - lawv tus kheej cov txheej txheem ntawm tonalities… ntawm thawj qib! Ntawd yog, muaj feem xyuam nrog!

Los ntawm Vajtswv, txhua yam zoo li hauv kev ua lej - muaj rau, rau lawv txhua tus muaj rau ntau, thiab 6 × 6 tsuas yog 36 - qee yam huab! Hauv luv luv, los ntawm tag nrho cov yuam sij pom, tsuas yog 12 tus tshiab raug xaiv (tshem thawj zaug). Tom qab ntawd lawv yuav tsim lub voj voog ntawm kev sib raug zoo thib ob.

Qib peb ntawm kev sib raug zoo

Raws li koj tau twv, lub tonalities ntawm 3rd degree ntawm affinity yog lub tonalities ntawm thawj degree ntawm affinity rau lub tonalities ntawm 2nd degree ntawm affinity. Muaj feem cuam tshuam. Ib yam li ntawd! Kev nce qib ntawm kev sib raug zoo tshwm sim raws li tib algorithm.

Qhov no yog theem qis tshaj ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm tonalities - lawv nyob deb heev ntawm ib leeg. Qhov no suav nrog tsib key, uas, thaum piv nrog cov thawj sawv daws yuav, tsis qhia ib tug ntau triad.

Qhov system ntawm plaub theem ntawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm tonalities

Phau ntawv brigade (Moscow lub tsev kawm ntawv - inheriting cov kab lig kev cai ntawm Tchaikovsky) qhia tsis peb, tab sis plaub theem ntawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm tonalities. Tsis muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm Moscow thiab St. Petersburg systems. Nws tsuas muaj nyob rau hauv lub fact tias nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug system ntawm plaub degrees, lub tonalities ntawm lub thib ob degree muab faib ua ob.

Thaum kawg… Vim li cas koj tseem yuav tsum nkag siab cov qib no? Thiab lub neej zoo li yuav zoo yam tsis muaj lawv! Cov qib ntawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm tonalities, los yog lawv cov kev paub, yuav pab tau thaum ua si modulations. Piv txwv li, nyeem txog yuav ua li cas ua si modulations rau thawj qib los ntawm qhov loj ntawm no.

PS Tau so! Tsis txhob dhuav! Saib cov yees duab peb tau npaj rau koj. Tsis yog, qhov no tsis yog tas luav txog Masyanya, qhov no yog Joplin's ragtime: