Tsev Hais Plaub Orchestra |

Lavxias teb sab orchestral pawg. Tsim nyob rau hauv 1882 nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg raws li lub tsev hais plaub suab paj nruas Choir ua hauj lwm rau lub imperial tsev hais plaub (raws li lub abolished suab paj nruas "choirs" ntawm lub Cavalry Guards thiab lub neej Guards Cavalry Regiments). Qhov tseeb, nws muaj 2 lub orchestras - symphony thiab cua orchestra. Ntau tus kws ntaus nkauj ntawm Tsev Hais Plaub Orchestra tau ua si hauv symphony thiab hauv cov tooj dag (ntawm ntau yam twj paj nruag). Ua raws li cov qauv ntawm cov tub rog orchestras, cov kws ntaus suab paj nruag ntawm "choir" tau teev npe ua tub rog, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm nyiam cov neeg ua yeeb yam uas muaj peev xwm tau sau rau hauv cov tub rog (nyiam dua tau muab rau cov neeg uas paub yuav ua li cas ua ob lub twj paj nruag - hlua thiab cua) .

M. Frank yog thawj tus thawj coj ntawm pawg hu nkauj; xyoo 1888 nws tau hloov los ntawm GI Varlikh; los ntawm 1882, symphonic ib feem yog tus saib xyuas ntawm bandmaster G. Fliege, tom qab uas nws tuag (nyob rau hauv 1907) Warlich tseem laus bandmaster. Lub orchestra ua si nyob rau hauv palaces ntawm lub tsev hais plaub cov khoom, txais tos, thaum lub sij hawm muaj koob muaj npe thiab regimental hnub so. Nws lub luag haujlwm tseem suav nrog kev koom nrog hauv concerts thiab ua yeeb yam hauv tsev hais plaub ntawm Gatchina, Tsarskoye Selo, Peterhof thiab Hermitage theatre.

Qhov kaw qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub orchestra cov kev ua ub no tau tshwm sim hauv kev ua yeeb yam ntawm kev ua yeeb yam, ua rau muaj cov ntsiab lus qis, uas feem ntau yog kev pabcuam xwm txheej (kev ua rog, carcasses, nkauj qhuas Vajtswv). Cov thawj coj ntawm lub orchestra tau nrhiav kev mus dhau ntawm kev pabcuam hauv tsev hais plaub, nrhiav txoj hauv kev kom ncav cuag cov neeg tuaj saib. Qhov no tau ua kom yooj yim los ntawm kev qhib kev hais kwv txhiaj rau lub caij ntuj sov ntawm Peterhof Garden, kev hnav khaub ncaws rau pej xeem, thiab tom qab kev hais kwv txhiaj hauv cov tsev hais plaub ntawm Lub Tsev Hais Plaub Hu Nkauj Chapel thiab Nobility Assembly.

Nyob rau hauv 1896, "choir" tau los ua pej xeem thiab tau hloov mus rau hauv Tsev Hais Plaub Orchestra, thiab nws cov tswv cuab tau txais cov cai ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab ua yeeb yam. Los ntawm 1898, Lub Tsev Hais Plaub Orchestra tau tso cai los them nyiaj rau pej xeem concerts. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis yog txog xyoo 1902 uas Western European thiab Lavxias teb sab classical symphonic suab paj nruag pib suav nrog hauv kev hais kwv txhiaj ntawm Tsev Hais Plaub Orchestra. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ntawm kev pib ntawm Varlich, "Lub Rooj Sib Tham Orchestral ntawm Xov Xwm Xov Xwm" tau pib ua haujlwm, cov kev pabcuam uas feem ntau muaj cov haujlwm ua haujlwm hauv tebchaws Russia thawj zaug.

Txij li thaum 1912, Lub Tsev Hais Plaub Orchestra tau tsim ntau yam kev ua ub no (lub orchestra lub concerts tau koob meej), tuav lub voj voog ntawm keeb kwm concerts ntawm Lavxias teb sab thiab txawv teb chaws suab paj nruag (nrog los ntawm nrov lectures), tshwj xeeb concerts rau lub cim xeeb ntawm AK Lyadov, SI Taneyev, AN Scriabin. Qee qhov kev hais kwv txhiaj ntawm Tsev Hais Plaub Orchestra tau ua los ntawm cov qhua tuaj txawv teb chaws (R. Strauss, A. Nikish, thiab lwm tus). Lub sijhawm xyoo no, Lub Tsev Hais Plaub Orchestra tau ua tiav tshwj xeeb hauv kev txhawb nqa cov haujlwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab suab paj nruag.

Lub Tsev Hais Plaub Orchestra muaj lub tsev qiv ntawv suab paj nruag thiab suab paj nruag-keeb kwm tsev cia puav pheej. Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 1917 Lub Tsev Hais Plaub Orchestra tau los ua Lub Xeev Symphony Orchestra. Saib Honored Collective ntawm Russia Academic Symphony Orchestra ntawm St. Petersburg Philharmonic.

IM Yampolsky