Alexey Petrovich Ivanov |

Alexei Ivanov

Alexei Petrovich yug nyob rau hauv 1904 nyob rau hauv tsev neeg ntawm ib tug parochial tsev kawm ntawv tus kws qhia ntawv. Thaum tus me nyuam loj hlob tuaj, nws raug txib mus rau lub tsev kawm ntawv no, uas nyob hauv lub zos Chizhovo, Tver xeev. Hu nkauj tau qhia hauv tsev kawm ntawv, uas tau coj mus rau tsev neeg Ivanov. Me Aleksey tau mloog ua pa thaum nws txiv thiab cov muam hu nkauj pej xeem. Tsis ntev los no tau koom nrog pawg hu nkauj hauv tsev thiab nws lub suab. Txij thaum ntawd los, Alexey tsis tau tso tseg hu nkauj.

Nyob rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv tiag tiag ntawm Tver, qhov twg Aleksey Petrovich nkag mus, amateur ua yeeb yam tau staged los ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm. Thawj lub luag hauj lwm ua si los ntawm Alexei yog lub luag hauj lwm ntawm Ant nyob rau hauv ib tug suab paj nruas theem ntawm Krylov zaj dab neeg "Dragonfly thiab Ant". Tom qab kawm tiav hauv tsev kawm ntawv qib siab, Alexei Petrovich nkag mus rau physics thiab lej department ntawm Tver Pedagogical Institute. Txij li thaum xyoo 1926, nws tau ua haujlwm ua tus kws qhia physics, lej thiab tshuab tshuab ntawm FZU lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Tver Carriage Works. Thaum lub sij hawm no, kev kawm hu nkauj loj pib. Nyob rau hauv 1928, Ivanov nkag mus rau hauv lub Leningrad Conservatory, tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam cov kev qhia ntawm lub caij nyoog sciences twb nyob rau hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv thiab technical cov tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Leningrad.

Lub opera studio nyob rau hauv lub conservatory, qhov uas nws kawm nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm Ivan Vasilievich Ershov, muab lub singer ntau nyob rau hauv tau txais lub suab thiab theem kev txawj ntse. Nrog kev sov siab heev, Alexei Petrovich nco qab nws thawj lub luag haujlwm, ua nyob rau theem ntawm lub studio - ib feem ntawm Scarpia hauv G. Puccini's Opera Tosca. Nyob rau hauv 1948, nrog nws, tus neeg hu nkauj uas twb paub lawm, soloist ntawm lub Bolshoi Theatre, ua nyob rau hauv lub Prague Caij nplooj ntoos hlav Success ntawm lub Prague Opera tsev nyob rau hauv ib tug ensemble nrog Dino Bodesti thiab Yarmila Pekhova. Nyob rau hauv Yershov txoj kev taw qhia, Ivanov kuj tau npaj ib feem ntawm Gryaznoy ("Tus Tsar's Bride").

Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov txuj ci theem ntawm tus kws kos duab tau ua si los ntawm lub xyoo ntawm nws nyob hauv Leningrad Academic Maly Opera Theatre, nyob rau theem uas Alexei Petrovich pib ua yeeb yam hauv xyoo 1932. Twb tau nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd, kev saib xyuas ze ntawm Cov tub ntxhais hluas hu nkauj tau nyiam los ntawm cov ntsiab lus muaj tswv yim ntawm Stanislavsky, nws cov kev hloov kho hauv kev ua yeeb yam suab paj nruag, nws lub siab xav kov yeej opera clichés, uas cov kev txaus siab ntawm tus neeg hu nkauj feem ntau tau txi, nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog rau qhov kev ua yeeb yam opera poob nws. kev ncaj ncees thiab poob sib nrug mus rau hauv ib tug xov tooj ntawm kev sib cais, ntau los yog tsawg ntse hu nkauj tog. Thaum ua hauj lwm ntawm MALEGOT, Ivanov tau ntsib nrog KS Stanislavsky thiab muaj kev sib tham ntev nrog nws, thaum lub sij hawm uas nws tau txais cov lus qhia tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub embodiment ntawm opera duab.

Nyob rau hauv 1936-38, tus kws kos duab ua yeeb yam nyob rau theem ntawm Saratov thiab Gorky Opera Houses. Nyob rau hauv Saratov, nws ua tau zoo raws li dab nyob rau hauv lub opera ntawm tib lub npe los ntawm A. Rubinstein. Tom qab ntawd, ua yeeb yam ntawm Dab nyob rau hauv ceg ntawm Bolshoi Theatre, tus neeg hu nkauj tau nkag siab tob rau theem ntawm tus cwj pwm ntawm Lermontov tus hero, nrhiav kev nthuav tawm uas tawm ntawm nws lub siab tsis ncaj ncees. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tus neeg hu nkauj tau muab Dab Ntxwg Nyoog cov yam ntxwv ntawm tib neeg, kos nws tsis ntau li ib tus neeg paub tsis meej, tab sis raws li tus cwj pwm muaj zog uas tsis xav tso nrog kev tsis ncaj ncees nyob ib puag ncig.

Nyob rau theem ntawm cov ceg ntawm lub Bolshoi Theatre, Alexei Petrovich ua nws debut nyob rau hauv lub luag hauj lwm ntawm Rigoletto nyob rau hauv 1938. Yog hais tias nyob rau hauv Western European theem, lub ntsiab cim feem ntau yog Duke, uas yog ib feem nyob rau hauv lub repertoire ntawm eminent tenors, ces nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm. Kev tsim tawm ntawm Bolshoi uas tau ua tiav, txoj hmoo ntawm jester Rigoletto tau txais qhov tseem ceeb. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo ntawm nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub Bolshoi Theatre, Ivanov hu nkauj yuav luag tag nrho cov baritone repertoire, thiab nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub luag hauj lwm ntawm Bes nyob rau hauv lub Opera Cherevichki yog tshwj xeeb yog sau tseg los ntawm critics thiab cov neeg tuaj saib. Nyob rau hauv lub luag hauj lwm no, Alexey Petrovich qhia tawm qhov yooj ntawm lub suab muaj zog thiab sonorous, ua tiav ntawm kev ua yeeb yam. Nws lub suab yog meej heev nyob rau hauv lub spell scene. Kev nkag siab ntawm kev lom zem nyob rau hauv tus kws kos duab tau pab tshem tawm cov kev xav ntawm cov duab ntawm Bes - Ivanov pleev xim rau nws raws li ib tug comically fussy, fidgety creatures, sim nyob rau hauv vain mus rau hauv txoj kev ntawm ib tug neeg. Nyob rau hauv 1947, nrog kev vam meej, Ivanov ua ib feem ntawm Peter nyob rau hauv ib tug tshiab ntau lawm thiab ib tsab ntawm A. Serov's opera Lub Enemy Force. Nws ntsib ib txoj hauj lwm nyuaj heev, txij li thaum nyob rau hauv lub tshiab tsab ntawm txoj hauj lwm, Peter los ua lub hauv paus duab es tsis txhob ntawm blacksmith Eremka. Ntawm no yog li cas cov neeg thuam ntawm cov xyoo ntawd tau sau: "Aleksey Ivanov tiv nrog txoj haujlwm no zoo kawg nkaus, hloov qhov nruab nrab ntawm lub ntiajteb txawj nqus ntawm qhov kev ua tau zoo mus rau qhov tseeb ntawm lub suab thiab theem duab uas nws tsim, qhia txog qhov ntxoov ntxoo ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm Peter, kev hloov pauv sai sai. los ntawm kev lom zem indomitable mus rau gloomy kev nyuaj siab. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias tus kws ua yeeb yam hauv lub luag haujlwm no tau mus txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua yeeb yam - Ostrovsky zaj yeeb yaj kiab "Tsis txhob ua neej nyob raws li koj xav tau" thiab raug nkag siab nws lub tswv yim, nws txoj kev coj ncaj ncees.

Kub npau taws thiab theem txuj ci yeej ib txwm pab Alexei Petrovich los tswj qhov nruj ntawm kev ua yeeb yam, kom ua tiav kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov duab ua haujlwm. Tus singer daim duab ntawm Mazepa nyob rau hauv lub opera los ntawm PI Tchaikovsky ua tau zoo heev. Tus kws kos duab ua siab tawv qhia qhov tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm cov nom tswv ntawm sab nrauv ntawm tus qub hetman thiab nws cov ntsiab lus tsis zoo ntawm tus neeg ntxeev siab uas yog neeg txawv teb chaws rau tib neeg txoj kev xav thiab kev xav. Kev suav txias qhia tag nrho cov kev xav thiab kev ua ntawm Mazepa ua los ntawm Ivanov. Yog li ntawd, Mazepa thiaj li txiav txim kom tua Kochubey, Maria txiv. Thiab, tau ua phem rau qhov no, nws maj mam puag Mary, uas qhov muag tsis pom kev tso siab rau nws, thiab insinuatingly nug leej twg ntawm ob - nws los yog nws txiv - nws yuav txi yog ib tug ntawm ob tug yuav tsum tuag. Alexei Ivanov ua qhov kev tshwm sim no nrog kev xav txog kev puas siab puas ntsws, uas loj hlob ntau dua hauv daim duab kawg, thaum Mazepa pom qhov tawg ntawm tag nrho nws cov phiaj xwm.

Alexey Petrovich Ivanov mus yuav luag tag nrho cov Soviet Union nrog tours, mus txawv tebchaws, koom nyob rau hauv ntau yam opera productions ntawm txawv teb chaws opera tsev. Hauv xyoo 1945, tom qab ua yeeb yam hauv Vienna, tus kws kos duab tau txais lub paj laurel nrog cov ntawv sau: "Rau ib tus kws kos duab zoo nkauj los ntawm lub nroog zoo siab rau kev ywj pheej ntawm Vienna." Tus neeg hu nkauj ib txwm nco ntsoov MI Glinka cov lus qhuab qhia txog "lub suab nrov nrov, muaj xim zoo nkauj thiab muaj txiaj ntsig txhua lub sijhawm." Cov lus no involuntarily los rau hauv siab thaum koj hnov ​​Alexei Petrovich lub hu nkauj, thaum koj qhuas nws zoo heev diction, coj txhua lo lus rau cov mloog. Ivanov yog tus sau ntawm ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov phau ntawv, uas yog ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov chaw yog nyob rau hauv nws memoirs, luam tawm nyob rau hauv ib phau ntawv hu ua "Lub neej ntawm ib tug Artist".

Lub ntsiab discography ntawm AP Ivanov:

1. Opera "Carmen" los ntawm G. Bizet, ib feem ntawm Escamillo, hu nkauj thiab suab paj nruag ntawm Bolshoi Theatre ua los ntawm V. Nebolsin, sau tseg rau xyoo 1953, cov neeg koom tes - V. Borisenko, G. Nelepp, E. Shumskaya thiab lwm tus. (Tam sim no tso rau hauv CD hauv peb lub teb chaws thiab txawv teb chaws)
2. Opera "Pagliacci" los ntawm R. Leoncavallo, ib feem ntawm Tonio, hu nkauj thiab suab paj nruag ntawm Bolshoi Theatre ua los ntawm V. Nebolsin, "nyob" kaw xyoo 1959, cov neeg koom tes - M. Del Monaco, L. Maslennikova, N. Timchenko, E. Belov. (Lub sijhawm kawg nws tau tso tawm ntawm phonograph cov ntaub ntawv xyoo 1983 ntawm lub tuam txhab Melodiya)
3. Opera "Boris Godunov" los ntawm M. Mussorgsky, ib feem ntawm Andrei Shchelkalov, hu nkauj thiab orchestra ntawm Bolshoi Theatre ua los ntawm A. Melik-Pashaev, kaw nyob rau hauv 1962, cov neeg koom tes - I. Petrov, G. Shulpin, V. Ivanovsky, M. Reshetin, Kuv Arkhipova thiab lwm tus. (Tshaj tawm ntawm CD txawv teb chaws)
4. Opera "Khovanshchina" los ntawm M. Mussorgsky, ib feem ntawm Shaklovity, hu nkauj thiab orchestra ntawm lub Bolshoi Theatre ua los ntawm V. Nebolsin, kaw nyob rau hauv 1951, cov neeg koom tes - M. Reizen, M. Maksakov, A. Krivchenya, G. Bolshakov, N. Khanaev thiab lwm tus. (Tshaj tawm ntawm CD txawv teb chaws)
5. Opera "Dubrovsky" los ntawm E. Napravnik, ib feem ntawm Troekurov, hu nkauj thiab orchestra ntawm Bolshoi Theatre ua los ntawm V. Nebolsin, kaw nyob rau hauv 1948, cov neeg koom tes - I. Kozlovsky, N. Chubenko, E. Verbitskaya, E. Ivanov, N. Pokrovskaya thiab lwm tus. (Qhov kawg tso tawm ntawm gramophone cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm lub tuam txhab Melodiya hauv 70s ntawm lub xyoo pua XX)
6. Opera "Cov Dab Neeg ntawm Tsar Saltan" los ntawm N. Rimsky-Korsakov, ib feem ntawm tus xa xov, hu nkauj thiab suab paj nruag ntawm Bolshoi Theatre ua los ntawm V. Nebolsin, sau tseg hauv xyoo 1958, cov koom tes - I. Petrov, E. Smolenskaya, V. Ivanovsky , G. Oleinichenko, L. Nikitina, E. Shumilova, P. Chekin thiab lwm tus. (Tshaj tawm ntawm CD txawv teb chaws)
7. Opera "Tus Tsar's Bride" los ntawm N. Rimsky-Korsakov, ib feem ntawm Gryaznoy, hu nkauj thiab orchestra ntawm Bolshoi Theatre, "nyob" kaw xyoo 1958, cov neeg koom tes - E. Shumskaya, I. Arkhipova. (Cov ntaubntawv povthawj siv yog khaws cia rau hauv xov tooj cua nyiaj, nws tsis tau tso rau hauv CD)
8. Opera "Dab Ntxwg Nyoog" los ntawm A. Rubinstein, ib feem ntawm Dab, hu nkauj thiab suab paj nruag ntawm Bolshoi Theatre ua los ntawm A. Melik-Pashaev, kaw hauv xyoo 1950, cov neeg koom tes - T. Talakhadze, I. Kozlovsky, E. Gribova, V. Gavryushov thiab lwm tus. (Tshaj tawm hauv CD hauv peb lub tebchaws thiab txawv teb chaws)
9. Opera "Mazepa" los ntawm P. Tchaikovsky, Mazepa ib feem, hu nkauj thiab orchestra ntawm Bolshoi Theatre ua los ntawm V. Nebolsin, kaw nyob rau hauv 1948, cov neeg koom tes - I. Petrov, V. Davydova, N. Pokrovskaya, G. Bolshakov thiab lwm yam. (Tshaj tawm ntawm CD txawv teb chaws)
10. Opera "Tus poj huab tais ntawm Spades" los ntawm P. Tchaikovsky, ib feem ntawm Tomsky, hu nkauj thiab orchestra ntawm Bolshoi Theatre ua los ntawm A. Melik-Pashaev, kaw nyob rau hauv 1948, cov neeg koom tes - G. Nelepp, E. Smolenskaya, P. Lisitsian, E. . Verbitskaya, V. Borisenko thiab lwm tus. (Tshaj tawm ntawm CD hauv Russia thiab txawv teb chaws)
11. Opera "Cherevichki" los ntawm P. Tchaikovsky, ib feem ntawm Bes, hu nkauj thiab orchestra ntawm Bolshoi Theatre ua los ntawm A. Melik-Pashaev, kaw nyob rau hauv 1948, cov koom tes - E. Kruglikova, M. Mikhailov, G. Nelepp, E. Antonova, F. Godovkin thiab lwm tus. (Tshaj tawm ntawm CD txawv teb chaws)
12. Opera "Lub Decembrists" los ntawm Y. Shaporin, ib feem ntawm Ryleev, hu nkauj thiab orchestra ntawm lub Bolshoi Theatre ua los ntawm A. Melik-Pashaev, kaw nyob rau hauv 1955, cov koom tes - A. Pirogov, N. Pokrovskaya, G. Nelepp, E. Verbitskaya , I. Petrov , A. Ognivtsev thiab lwm tus. (Lub sijhawm kawg nws tau tso tawm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv gramophone "Melodiya" nyob rau hauv lub lig 60s ntawm lub xyoo pua XX) Ntawm cov yeeb yaj duab nrog kev koom tes ntawm AP Ivanova tus naas ej zaj duab xis-opera "Cherevychki", shooting ntawm lub kawg ntawm lub 40s nrog kev koom tes. ntawm G. Bolshakova, M. Mikhailova thiab lwm tus.