Cov yuam sij Parallel: nws yog dab tsi thiab yuav nrhiav tau lawv li cas?

Qhov kawg qhov teeb meem tau mob siab rau kev xav txog cov suab paj nruag lub tswv yim xws li hom thiab tonality. Niaj hnub no peb yuav kawm ntxiv txog lub ntsiab lus loj no thiab tham txog cov yuam sij thaum uas tig mus yog dab tsi, tab sis ua ntej peb yuav luv luv rov hais dua cov ntaub ntawv dhau los.

Lub hauv paus ntawm hom thiab tonality hauv suab paj nruag

Tshoob - qhov no yog ib pab pawg tshwj xeeb uas tau xaiv (gamma) ntawm lub suab, nyob rau hauv uas muaj cov theem pib - ruaj khov thiab muaj cov tsis ruaj khov uas ua raws li qhov ruaj khov. Lwm hom muaj tus cwj pwm, yog li muaj ntau hom qauv - piv txwv li, loj thiab me.

Ntsiab - qhov no yog qhov siab ntawm qhov kev ntxhov siab, vim tias qhov loj lossis me me tuaj yeem tsim, hu nkauj lossis ua si los ntawm lub suab kiag li. Lub suab no yuav raug hu tonic, thiab nws yog lub suab tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm tonality, qhov ruaj khov tshaj plaws thiab, raws li, thawj kauj ruam ntawm hom.

Tones muaj npe, los ntawm qhov peb to taub dab tsi fret thiab ntawm qhov siab nws nyob. Piv txwv ntawm cov npe tseem ceeb: C-MAJOR, D-MAJOR, MI-MAJOR lossis C-MINOR, D-MINOR, MI-MINOR. Qhov ntawd yog lub npe ntawm qhov tseem ceeb qhia txog ob yam tseem ceeb - ua ntej, hais txog dab tsi ntawm tonic (los yog lub suab tseem ceeb) lub tonality muaj, thiab, qhov thib ob, hom kev xav zoo li cas lub tonality muaj (tus cwj pwm yog nws - loj lossis me).

Thaum kawg, cov yuam sij txawv ntawm ib leeg los ntawm cov cim ntawm kev hloov pauv, uas yog, los ntawm qhov muaj cov ntse lossis flats. Cov kev sib txawv no yog vim qhov tseeb tias cov nplai loj thiab me me muaj cov qauv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov suab nrov thiab semitones (nyeem ntxiv hauv kab lus dhau los, piv txwv li NO). Yog li, txhawm rau txhawm rau ua tus loj, thiab tus menyuam yaus los ua tus menyuam yaus tiag tiag, qee zaum qee tus lej hloov pauv (nrog cov ntse lossis cov tiaj tus) yuav tsum tau ntxiv rau qhov ntsuas.

Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv tus yuam sij ntawm D MAJOR tsuas muaj ob lub cim - ob tug ntse (F-sharp thiab C-sharp), thiab nyob rau hauv tus yuam sij ntawm LA MAJOR twb muaj peb sharps (F, C thiab G). Los yog hauv tus yuam sij ntawm D MINOR - ib lub tiaj tus (B-flat), thiab hauv F MINOR - ntau li plaub lub tiaj tus (si, mi, la thiab re).

Tam sim no cia peb nug ib lo lus nug? Puas yog txhua tus yuam sij tiag tiag, sib txawv tiag tiag thiab tsis muaj cov nplai uas zoo ib yam? Thiab puas muaj tiag tiag lub gulf loj heev uas tsis tuaj yeem nruab nrab ntawm qhov loj thiab me? Nws hloov tawm, tsis yog, lawv muaj kev sib txuas thiab zoo sib xws, ntxiv rau tom qab ntawd.

Cov yuam sij sib npaug

Lo lus "parallel" lossis "parallelism" txhais li cas? Nov yog cov kab lus uas paub zoo rau koj li "kab kab sib luag" lossis "lub ntiaj teb sib luag". Parallel yog ib qho uas tshwm sim ib txhij nrog ib yam dab tsi thiab zoo ib yam li qhov no. Thiab lo lus "parallel" yog zoo ib yam li lo lus "pair", uas yog, ob yam khoom, ob yam, los yog ib co lwm yam khub yeej ib txwm sib npaug zos rau ib leeg.

Cov kab sib dhos yog ob txoj kab uas nyob hauv tib lub dav hlau, zoo ib yam li ob tee dej thiab tsis sib tshuam (lawv muaj feem cuam tshuam, tab sis tsis sib tshuam - zoo, tsis yog qhov ua yeeb yam?). Nco ntsoov, nyob rau hauv geometry, cov kab sib npaug yog qhia los ntawm ob lub strokes ( // zoo li qhov no), hauv suab paj nruag, ib yam nkaus, xws li lub npe yuav ua tau.

Yog li, ntawm no yog cov yuam sij sib npaug - cov no yog ob tus yuam sij uas zoo sib xws. Muaj ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv, tab sis kuj tseem muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb. Yam dab tsi? Lawv muaj kiag li txhua lub suab sib xws. Txij li thaum lub suab tag nrho coincide, nws txhais tau hais tias tag nrho cov cim yuav tsum yog tib yam - sharps thiab flats. Yog li nws yog: parallel keys muaj tib lub cim.

Piv txwv li, cia peb nqa ob tus yuam sij C MAJOR thiab A MINOR - ob qho tib si nyob ntawd thiab tsis muaj cov cim qhia, txhua lub suab sib txuam, uas txhais tau hais tias cov yuam sij no sib npaug.

Lwm qhov piv txwv. Tus yuam sij ntawm MI-FLAT MAJOR nrog peb lub tiaj tus (si, mi, la) thiab tus yuam sij ntawm C MINOR kuj tseem muaj peb lub tiaj tiaj. Ib zaug ntxiv peb pom cov yuam sij sib npaug.

Yuav ua li cas yog qhov txawv ntawm cov tonalities? Thiab koj tus kheej ua tib zoo saib cov npe (C MAJOR // A MINOR). Koj xav li cas? Koj pom, tom qab tag nrho, ib qho tseem ceeb yog qhov loj, thiab qhov thib ob yog me. Hauv qhov piv txwv nrog tus khub thib ob (MI-FLAT MAJOR // C MINOR), tib yam muaj tseeb: ib qho yog qhov loj, lwm qhov yog me. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias cov yuam sij thaum uas tig mus muaj qhov opposite modal inclination, hom opposite. Ib qho tseem ceeb yuav ib txwm yog qhov loj, thiab qhov thib ob - me. Yog lawm: opposites nyiam!

Dab tsi ntxiv yog qhov txawv? C-MAJOR nplai pib nrog daim ntawv DO, uas yog, daim ntawv DO hauv nws yog lub tonic. A MINOR scale pib, raws li koj nkag siab, nrog rau daim ntawv LA, uas yog lub tonic hauv tus yuam sij no. Qhov ntawd yog, ua li cas? Cov suab hauv cov yuam sij no yog tib yam nkaus, tab sis lawv muaj cov thawj coj loj, sib txawv tonics. Nov yog qhov txawv thib ob.

Cia peb kos ib co lus xaus. Yog li, cov yuam sij sib npaug yog ob lub yuam sij uas muaj lub suab sib npaug, cov cim zoo ib yam (ntse lossis flats), tab sis cov tonics txawv thiab hom yog qhov txawv (ib qho loj, lwm qhov yog me).

Ntau cov piv txwv ntawm parallel keys:

• D MAJOR // B MINOR (ob qho tib si muaj thiab muaj ob lub ntse - F thiab C);
• TXOJ CAI ZOO // F SHARP MINOR (peb lub ntsej muag hauv txhua tus yuam sij);
• F MAJOR // D MINOR (ib qho chaw tiaj tus - B tiaj tus);
• B FLAT MAJOR // G MINOR (ob lub tsev nyob ntawd thiab ntawm no – si thiab mi).

Kuv yuav nrhiav tau tus yuam sij parallel li cas?

Yog tias koj xav paub seb yuav txiav txim siab li cas tus yuam sij sib npaug, ces cia peb nrhiav cov lus teb rau lo lus nug no empirically. Thiab ces peb yuav tsim txoj cai.

Cia li xav txog: C MAJOR thiab A MINOR yog cov yuam sij sib npaug. Thiab tam sim no qhia rau kuv: nyob rau theem dab tsi ua ntej MAJOR yog "kev nkag mus rau lub ntiaj teb sib luag"? Los yog, nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, dab tsi degree ntawm C MAJOR yog lub tonic ntawm lub parallel me?

Tam sim no cia peb ua nws topsy-turvy. Yuav ua li cas kom tau tawm ntawm qhov tsaus ntuj A MINOR mus rau qhov sib npaug tshav ntuj thiab zoo siab C MAJOR? Lub "portal" nyob qhov twg mus rau lub ntiaj teb sib npaug rau lub sijhawm no? Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, qhov degree ntawm tus me yog lub tonic ntawm parallel loj?

Cov lus teb yog yooj yim. Nyob rau hauv thawj rooj plaub: lub thib rau degree yog lub tonic ntawm lub parallel me. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thib ob: qhov thib peb degree tuaj yeem suav hais tias yog tonic ntawm qhov sib npaug loj. Los ntawm txoj kev, nws tsis yog txhua qhov tsim nyog kom tau mus rau qib thib rau ntawm qhov loj rau lub sijhawm ntev (uas yog, suav rau rau qib ntawm thawj), nws yog txaus mus nqis peb kauj ruam ntawm tonic thiab peb yuav. tau mus rau qib thib rau no tib yam.

Cia peb tsim tam sim no KEV HLOOV (tab sis tseem tsis tau kawg). Yog li ntawd, mus nrhiav tau lub tonic ntawm tus me me thaum uas tig mus, nws yog txaus mus nqes peb kauj ruam los ntawm cov thawj kauj ruam ntawm thawj qhov tseem ceeb. Yuav kom nrhiav tau lub tonic ntawm lub parallel loj, ntawm qhov tsis tooj, koj yuav tsum mus rau peb kauj ruam.

Txheeb xyuas txoj cai no nrog rau lwm yam piv txwv. Tsis txhob hnov ​​qab tias lawv muaj cov cim qhia. Thiab thaum peb nce lossis nqis mus, peb yuav tsum tshaj tawm cov cim qhia, uas yog, coj lawv mus rau hauv tus account.

Piv txwv li, cia peb nrhiav ib qho me me sib npaug rau tus yuam sij ntawm G MAJOR. Tus yuam sij no muaj ib qho ntse (F-sharp), uas txhais tau hais tias tseem yuav muaj ib qho ntse nyob rau hauv qhov sib npaug. Peb nqes peb kauj ruam los ntawm SOL: SOL, F-SHARP, MI. TSIS TAU! MI tsuas yog daim ntawv peb xav tau; qhov no yog theem thib rau thiab qhov no yog qhov nkag mus rau qhov sib npaug me me! Qhov no txhais tau hais tias qhov tseem ceeb thaum uas tig mus rau G MAJOR yuav yog MI MINOR.

Lwm qhov piv txwv. Cia peb nrhiav tus yuam sij sib npaug rau F MINOR. Muaj plaub lub tiaj tus hauv qhov tseem ceeb no (si, mi, la thiab rov tiaj tus). Peb nce peb kauj ruam mus qhib qhov rooj mus rau qhov loj thaum uas tig mus. Kauj ruam: F, G, A-FLAT. TSIS TAU! A-FLAT - ntawm no nws yog lub suab xav tau, ntawm no nws yog tus yuam sij nyiam! FLAT MAJOR yog tus yuam sij uas sib npaug rau F MINOR.

Yuav ua li cas txiav txim siab parallel tonality txawm sai dua?

Yuav ua li cas koj thiaj nrhiav tau qhov sib npaug loj lossis me me txawm yooj yim dua? Thiab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, yog tias peb tsis paub dab tsi cov cim qhia dav dav muaj nyob hauv tus yuam sij no? Thiab cia peb tshawb nrhiav dua nrog cov piv txwv!

Peb nyuam qhuav txheeb xyuas qhov sib piv hauv qab no: G MAJOR // E MINOR thiab F MINOR // A FLAT MAJOR. Thiab tam sim no cia saib dab tsi yog qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov tonics ntawm cov yuam sij thaum uas tig mus. Qhov deb ntawm cov suab paj nruag yog ntsuas los ntawm lub sijhawm, thiab yog tias koj tau kawm zoo hauv lub ntsiab lus "Quantitative and Qualitative Value of Intervals", ces koj tuaj yeem pom tau yooj yim tias lub caij peb xav tau yog qhov thib peb.

Nruab nrab ntawm lub suab SOL thiab MI (down) muaj qhov thib peb me me, vim peb mus dhau peb kauj ruam, thiab ib thiab ib nrab tones. Ntawm FA thiab A-FLAT (nce) kuj yog qhov thib peb me me. Thiab nruab nrab ntawm cov tonics ntawm lwm qhov sib npaug sib npaug, kuj tseem yuav muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov thib peb me.

Nws hloov tawm cov hauv qab no KEV HLOOV (simplified thiab kawg): mus nrhiav tus yuam sij thaum uas tig mus, koj yuav tsum tau tso tseg ib qho me me thib peb ntawm tonic - nce yog tias peb tab tom nrhiav rau qhov loj thaum sib npaug, lossis nqes yog tias peb tab tom nrhiav rau tus menyuam yaus sib npaug.

Xyaum (koj tuaj yeem hla yog tias txhua yam meej)

Txoj haujlwm: nrhiav cov yuam sij sib npaug rau C SHARP MINOR, B FLAT MINOR, B MAJOR, F SHARP MAJOR.

Kev txiav txim siab: koj yuav tsum tsim cov feem peb me me. Yog li, qhov thib peb me me los ntawm C-SHARP upwards yog C-SHARP thiab MI, uas txhais tau hais tias MI MAJOR yuav yog ib qho tseem ceeb thaum uas tig mus. Los ntawm B-FLAT nws kuj tsim ib qho thib peb me me, vim tias peb tab tom nrhiav rau qhov loj sib npaug, peb tau txais - D-FLAT MAJOR.

Txhawm rau nrhiav qhov sib npaug me me, peb muab qhov thib peb. Yog li, ib feem peb ntawm SI muab peb G-SHARN MINOR, sib npaug rau SI MAJOR. Los ntawm F-SHARP, qhov thib peb me me muab lub suab D-SHARP thiab, raws li, qhov system D-SHARP MINOR.

Cov lus teb: C-SHARP MINOR // MI MAJOR; B-FLAT MINOR // D-FLAT MAJOR; B MAJOR // G SHARP MINOR; F SHARP MAJOR // D SHARP MINOR.

Puas muaj ntau khub ntawm cov yuam sij li no?

Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, peb lub kaum os cov yawm sij yog siv nyob rau hauv suab paj nruag, ib nrab ntawm lawv (15) yog loj, thiab lub thib ob ib nrab (lwm tus 15) yog me, thiab, koj paub, tsis yog ib tug yuam sij yog ib leeg, txhua leej txhua tus muaj ib tug khub. Ntawd yog, nws hloov tawm tias tag nrho muaj 15 khub ntawm cov yuam sij uas muaj cov cim zoo ib yam. Pom zoo, 15 khub yooj yim kom nco qab tshaj 30 tus neeg teev?

Ntxiv mus - txawm nyuaj! Ntawm 15 khub, xya khub yog ntse (los ntawm 1 mus rau 7 sharps), xya khub yog tiaj tus (los ntawm 1 mus rau 7 flats), ib khub zoo li "kab dawb" yam tsis muaj cim. Nws zoo nkaus li tias koj tuaj yeem yooj yim lub npe no ob lub suab huv si yam tsis muaj cim. Tsis yog C MAJOR nrog A MINOR?

Ntawd yog, tam sim no koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov tsis yog 30 tus yuam sij txaus ntshai nrog cov cim tsis meej, thiab tsis txawm tias 15 tus khub uas txaus ntshai me ntsis, tab sis tsuas yog cov cai khawv koob "1 + 7 + 7". Tam sim no peb yuav muab tag nrho cov yuam sij no tso rau hauv ib lub rooj kom pom tseeb. Hauv cov lus ntawm cov yuam sij no, nws yuav pom meej tam sim ntawd leej twg yog tus sib npaug rau leej twg, pes tsawg tus cim thiab tus twg.

Cov lus ntawm cov yuam sij sib npaug nrog lawv cov cim

Koj tuaj yeem rub tawm tib lub rooj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv yooj yim dua rau kev siv raws li daim ntawv khib nyiab hauv pdf hom rau luam ntawv - DOWNLOAD

Qhov ntawd yog tag nrho rau tam sim no. Hauv cov teeb meem tom ntej no, koj yuav kawm paub tias cov yuam sij ntawm tib lub npe yog dab tsi, nrog rau yuav ua li cas kom sai thiab ruaj khov nco ntsoov cov cim qhia hauv cov yuam sij, thiab dab tsi yog txoj hauv kev kom ceev cov cim qhia yog tias koj tsis nco qab lawv.

Zoo, tam sim no peb muab rau koj mus saib ib tug tes-drawn animated zaj duab xis nrog amazing suab paj nruag los ntawm Mozart. Thaum Mozart ntsia tawm lub qhov rais thiab pom tias muaj tub rog tub rog hla txoj kev. Cov tub rog tiag tiag hauv cov khaub ncaws ci ntsa iab, nrog cov tshuab raj thiab Turkish nruas. Kev zoo nkauj thiab kev zoo nkauj ntawm qhov kev pom no ua rau Mozart xav tsis thoob tias tib hnub nws tau tsim nws lub npe nrov "Turkish Lub Peb Hlis" (qhov kawg ntawm piano sonata No. 11) - ib txoj haujlwm paub thoob plaws ntiaj teb.

WA Mozart "Turkish Lub Peb Hlis"