Raws |

Fabkis accord, ital. accordo, los ntawm lig Lat. accordo - pom zoo

Consonance ntawm peb los yog ntau tshaj txawv. (opposite) suab, uas yog sib cais los ntawm ib tug thib peb los yog yuav ua tau (los ntawm permutations) teem nyob rau hauv peb. Ib yam li ntawd, A. twb xub txhais los ntawm JG Walter (“Musikalisches Lexikon oder Musikalische Bibliothek”, 1732). Ua ntej qhov no, A. tau nkag siab tias yog ntu ntu - tag nrho lossis tsuas yog consonances, nrog rau kev sib xyaw ntawm cov suab nrov hauv ib lub suab.

Nyob ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm cov suab sib txawv uas ua rau A., triad (3 lub suab), xya chord (4), ib qho tsis sib xws (5), thiab undecimaccord (6, uas tsis tshua muaj, nrog rau A. 7 suab), txawv. Lub suab qis A. yog hu ua lub ntsiab. lub suab, lub suab tas li muaj npe. raws li lub caij nyoog tsim los ntawm lawv nrog lub ntsiab. tone (thib peb, tsib, xya, nona, undecima). Ib lub suab A. tuaj yeem hloov mus rau lwm qhov octave lossis ob npaug (tripled, thiab lwm yam) hauv lwm qhov octave. Tib lub sijhawm, A. khaws nws lub npe. Yog hais tias lub ntsiab lub suab mus rau sab sauv los yog ib qho ntawm cov suab nruab nrab, lub thiaj li hu. chord rov qab.

A. tuaj yeem nyob ze thiab dav. Nrog rau kev sib raug zoo ntawm triad thiab nws cov lus thov nyob rau hauv plaub qhov chaw, lub suab (tshwj tsis yog cov ntses bass thaj tsam) yog sib cais los ntawm ib tug thib peb los yog ib tug quart, nyob rau hauv ib tug dav - los ntawm ib tug thib tsib, ib tug thib rau thiab ib tug octave. Cov ntses bass thaj tsam tuaj yeem tsim txhua lub sijhawm nrog lub tenor. Kuj tseem muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm A., nyob rau hauv uas cov cim ntawm kev sib raug zoo thiab kev sib koom ua ke.

Ob sab yog qhov txawv ntawm A. - kev ua haujlwm, txiav txim siab los ntawm nws txoj kev sib raug zoo rau hom tonic, thiab phonic (xim), nyob ntawm seb lub sijhawm muaj pes tsawg leeg, qhov chaw, sau npe, thiab tseem nyob ntawm muses. ntsiab lus.

Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov qauv ntawm A. tseem nyob rau hnub no. lub sij hawm tertsovost muaj pes tsawg leeg. Ib qho kev sib txawv ntawm nws txhais tau hais tias kev taw qhia ntawm cov suab tsis chord. Thaum kawg ntawm 19th thiab 20th centuries. tau sim ua kom tag nrho hloov lub hauv paus ntsiab lus thib peb nrog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus thib plaub (AN Skryabin, A. Schoenberg), tab sis qhov kawg tau txais tsuas yog daim ntawv thov.

Nyob rau hauv niaj hnub Nyuaj tertian rhythms yog dav siv nyob rau hauv suab paj nruag, nyob rau hauv uas cov kev taw qhia ntawm dissonances tsub kom lub expressiveness thiab colourfulness ntawm lub suab (SS Prokofiev):

Composers ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th A. mixed qauv kuj siv.

Hauv dodecaphonic suab paj nruag, A. poob nws lub ntsiab lus ywj pheej thiab dhau los ntawm kev ua tiav ntawm cov suab hauv "series" thiab nws cov polyphonic. kev hloov pauv.

References: Rimsky-Korsakov HA, Harmony Textbook, St. Petersburg, 1884-85; nws tus kheej, Phau ntawv qhia txog kev sib haum xeeb, St. Petersburg, 1886, M., 1956 (ob qho tib si tau muab tso rau hauv Phau Tsom Faj Ua tiav, vol. IV, M., 1960); Ippolitov-Ivanov MM, Cov lus qhuab qhia ntawm chords, lawv kev tsim kho thiab kev daws teeb meem, M., 1897; Dubovsky I., Evseev S., Sposobin I., Sokolov V., Textbook of harmony, part 1-2, 1937-38, last. ed. Xyoo 1965; Tyulin Yu., Qhia txog kev sib haum xeeb, L.-M., 1939, M., 1966, ch. 9; Tyulin Yu., Privano N., Phau ntawv ntawm kev sib haum xeeb, ntu 1, M., 1957; Tyulin Yu., Phau ntawv ntawm kev sib haum xeeb, ntu 2, M., 1959; Berkov V., Harmony, part 1-3, M., 1962-66, 1970; Riemann H., Geschichte der Musiktheorie, Lpz., 1898, B., 1920; Schonberg A., Harmonielehre, Lpz.-W., 1911, W., 1922; Hindemith P., Unterweisung im Tonsatz, Tl 1, Mainz, 1937; Schonberg A., Lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev sib haum xeeb, L.-NY, 1954; Janecek K., Základy niaj hnub harmonie, Praha, 1965.

Yu. G. Kon