Hais txog harmonic microchromatics

Muaj pes tsawg xim muaj nyob rau hauv zaj sawv?

Xya - peb compatriots yuav ntseeg siab teb.

Tab sis lub khoos phis tawj lub khoos phis tawj muaj peev xwm rov tsim dua 3 xim, paub rau txhua tus - RGB, uas yog, liab, ntsuab thiab xiav. Qhov no tsis tiv thaiv peb kom pom tag nrho zaj sawv hauv daim duab tom ntej (Fig. 1).

Hauv lus Askiv, piv txwv li, rau ob xim - xiav thiab cyan - tsuas muaj ib lo lus xiav xwb. Thiab cov Greeks thaum ub tsis muaj lo lus xiav kiag li. Cov Japanese tsis muaj npe rau ntsuab. Ntau tus neeg "pom" tsuas yog peb xim ntawm zaj sawv, thiab qee qhov txawm tias ob.

Cov lus teb raug rau lo lus nug no yog dab tsi?

Yog tias peb saib daim duab 1, peb yuav pom tias cov xim dhau mus rau ib leeg, thiab cov ciam teb ntawm lawv tsuas yog qhov kev pom zoo xwb. Muaj cov xim tsis kawg ntawm cov zaj sawv, uas cov neeg ntawm ntau haiv neeg faib los ntawm cov xwm txheej ib puag ncig rau hauv ob peb "feem ntau lees txais" sawv daws yuav.

Muaj pes tsawg daim ntawv nyob hauv ib lub octave?

Ib tug neeg uas paub qhov txawv ntawm cov suab paj nruag yuav teb - xya. Cov neeg uas muaj kev kawm suab paj nruag, ntawm chav kawm, yuav hais - kaum ob.

Tab sis qhov tseeb yog tus naj npawb ntawm cov ntawv tsuas yog hais txog lus. Rau cov neeg uas nws cov suab paj nruag kab lis kev cai txwv rau lub pentatonic nplai, tus naj npawb ntawm cov ntawv yuav yog tsib, nyob rau hauv classical European kev lig kev cai muaj kaum ob, thiab, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv Indian suab paj nruag nees nkaum ob (nyob rau hauv txawv tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev).

Lub suab ntawm lub suab lossis, hais txog science, qhov zaus ntawm kev vibrations yog qhov ntau uas hloov tsis tu ncua. Nruab nrab ceeb toom A, suab nrov ntawm 440 Hz, thiab ib daim ntawv sib ntawm ib zaus ntawm 466 Hz muaj ib tug infinite lub suab, txhua yam uas peb yuav siv tau nyob rau hauv lub suab paj nruas xyaum.

Ib yam li tus kws kos duab zoo tsis muaj 7 cov xim ruaj khov hauv nws daim duab, tab sis muaj ntau yam ntxoov ntxoo, yog li tus kws sau ntawv tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tsis tau tsuas yog nrog cov suab los ntawm 12-nco qhov sib npaug ntawm lub siab (RTS-12), tab sis nrog lwm yam. suab ntawm nws xaiv.

nqi

Yuav ua li cas nres feem ntau composers?

Ua ntej, ntawm chav kawm, qhov yooj yim ntawm kev tua thiab sau ntawv. Yuav luag tag nrho cov twj paj nruag tau hloov kho hauv RTS-12, yuav luag txhua tus kws ntaus suab paj nruag kawm nyeem cov ntawv sau classic, thiab cov neeg mloog feem ntau siv rau cov suab paj nruag uas muaj cov ntawv sau "zoo tib yam".

Cov hauv qab no tuaj yeem tawm tsam qhov no: ntawm ib sab, kev tsim kho tshuab computer ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm nrog lub suab ntawm yuav luag txhua qhov siab thiab txawm tias ib qho qauv. Ntawm qhov tod tes, raws li peb pom hauv tsab xov xwm ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb, dhau sij hawm, cov neeg mloog tau ua ntau thiab siab ncaj rau qhov txawv txav, ntau thiab ntau txoj kev sib haum xeeb nkag mus rau cov suab paj nruag, uas cov pej xeem nkag siab thiab lees txais.

Tab sis muaj qhov nyuaj thib ob ntawm txoj kev no, tej zaum tseem ceeb dua.

Qhov tseeb yog tias sai li sai tau thaum peb mus dhau 12 sau ntawv, peb xyaum poob tag nrho cov ntsiab lus siv.

Cov consonances yog consonance thiab uas tsis yog?

Lub ntiajteb txawj nqus puas muaj?

Yuav ua li cas kev sib haum xeeb yuav tsim?

Puas yuav muaj qee yam zoo ib yam li cov yuam sij lossis hom?

Microchromatic

Tau kawg, tsuas yog kev xyaum ua suab paj nruag yuav muab cov lus teb tag nrho rau cov lus nug. Tab sis peb twb muaj qee yam khoom siv rau kev taw qhia hauv av.

Ua ntej, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua npe rau thaj chaw uas peb yuav mus. Feem ntau, txhua lub tshuab suab paj nruag uas siv ntau tshaj 12 sau ntawv ib octave raug cais raws li microchromatic. Qee lub sij hawm cov tshuab uas muaj pes tsawg daim ntawv yog (lossis tsawg dua) 12 kuj suav nrog hauv tib cheeb tsam, tab sis cov ntawv sau no txawv ntawm RTS-12 li niaj zaus. Piv txwv li, thaum siv Pythagorean lossis ntuj teev, ib tus tuaj yeem hais tias cov kev hloov pauv microchromatic tau ua rau cov ntawv sau, txhais tau tias cov ntawv no yuav luag sib npaug rau RTS-12, tab sis deb ntawm lawv me ntsis (Daim duab 2).

Hauv daim duab 2 peb pom cov kev hloov me me no, piv txwv li, daim ntawv h Pythagorean nplai tsuas yog saum daim ntawv h los ntawm RTS-12, thiab ntuj h, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, yog me ntsis qis.

Tab sis cov Pythagorean thiab kev hloov kho ntuj ua ntej qhov tshwm sim ntawm RTS-12. Rau lawv, lawv tus kheej tej hauj lwm tau tsim, ib txoj kev xav tau tsim, thiab txawm nyob rau hauv cov ntawv sau dhau los peb tau kov ntawm lawv cov qauv hauv kev dhau mus.

Peb xav mus ntxiv.

Puas muaj ib qho laj thawj yuam kom peb txav deb ntawm cov neeg paub, yooj yim, cov laj thawj RTS-12 mus rau qhov tsis paub thiab coj txawv txawv?

Peb yuav tsis nyob ntawm cov laj thawj zoo li no raws li kev paub ntawm txhua txoj kev thiab txoj hauv kev hauv peb lub cev ib txwm muaj. Cia peb zoo dua lees txais qhov tseeb tias nyob rau hauv ib qho kev muaj tswv yim yuav tsum muaj kev sib koom ntawm adventurism, thiab cia peb ntaus txoj kev.

Compass

Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua yeeb yam suab paj nruag yog xws li ib yam li consonance. Nws yog qhov hloov pauv ntawm consonances thiab dissonances uas ua rau lub ntiajteb txawj nqus hauv suab paj nruag, kev nkag siab ntawm kev txav, kev loj hlob.

Peb puas tuaj yeem txhais consonance rau microchromatic harmonies?

Rov qab cov qauv los ntawm kab lus hais txog consonance:

Cov qauv no tso cai rau koj los laij cov consonance ntawm txhua lub sijhawm, tsis tas yuav yog qhov classical.

Yog hais tias peb xam lub consonance ntawm lub sij hawm los ntawm rau rau txhua lub suab hauv ib lub octave, peb tau txais daim duab hauv qab no (Fig. 3).

Qhov dav ntawm lub caij nyoog yog plotted horizontally ntawm no nyob rau hauv xees (thaum xees yog ib tug ntau ntawm 100, peb tau txais mus rau hauv ib tug tsis tu ncua daim ntawv los ntawm RTS-12), vertically - qhov ntsuas ntawm consonance: qhov siab dua qhov taw tes, ntau tus consonant xws li ib tug vertically. ntu suab.

Cov duab zoo li no yuav pab peb taug kev ntawm microchromatic ntu.

Yog tias tsim nyog, koj tuaj yeem muab cov qauv rau lub consonance ntawm chords, tab sis nws yuav zoo li nyuaj dua. Txhawm rau kom yooj yim, peb tuaj yeem nco ntsoov tias txhua lub chord muaj cov ntu ntu, thiab lub suab ntawm lub chord tuaj yeem kwv yees tau zoo heev los ntawm kev paub txog lub consonance ntawm txhua lub sijhawm uas tsim nws.

Daim ntawv qhia hauv zos

Suab paj nruag kev sib haum xeeb tsis txwv rau kev nkag siab ntawm consonance.

Piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem nrhiav tus consonant ntau tus consonant dua li triad me, txawm li cas los xij, nws ua lub luag haujlwm tshwj xeeb vim nws cov qauv. Peb kawm cov qauv no hauv ib qho ntawm cov ntawv sau dhau los.

Nws yog qhov yooj yim los xav txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev sib haum xeeb ntawm cov suab paj nruag hauv qhov chaw ntawm multiplicities, los yog PC luv luv.

Cia peb luv luv hais tias yuav ua li cas nws yog tsim nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv classical.

Peb muaj peb txoj hauv kev yooj yim los txuas ob lub suab: sib npaug los ntawm 2, sib npaug los ntawm 3 thiab sib npaug los ntawm 5. Cov txheej txheem no tsim peb axes hauv qhov chaw ntawm qhov sib npaug (PC). Txhua kauj ruam raws ib qho axis yog qhov sib npaug los ntawm qhov sib npaug sib npaug (Fig. 4).

Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw no, qhov ze dua cov ntawv yog rau ib leeg, ntau consonant lawv yuav tsim.

Tag nrho cov kev tsim kho sib haum xeeb: frets, yuam sij, chords, kev ua haujlwm tau txais qhov pom duab geometric sawv cev hauv PC.

Koj tuaj yeem pom tias peb coj tus lej tseem ceeb ua ntau yam: 2, 3, 5. Tus lej tseem ceeb yog lub ntsiab lus lej txhais tau tias tus lej tsuas yog faib los ntawm 1 thiab nws tus kheej xwb.

Qhov kev xaiv ntawm multiplicities no yog heev justified. Yog tias peb ntxiv ib qho axis nrog "tsis yooj yim" ntau yam rau PC, ces peb yuav tsis tau txais cov ntawv tshiab. Piv txwv li, txhua kauj ruam raws tus axis ntawm multiplicity 6 yog, los ntawm txhais tau tias, ib tug multiplication los ntawm 6, tab sis 6 = 2 * 3, yog li ntawd, peb yuav tau txais tag nrho cov no sau los ntawm multiply 2 thiab 3, uas yog, peb twb muaj tag nrho cov. lawv tsis muaj axes no. Tab sis, piv txwv li, tau txais 5 los ntawm kev sib faib 2 thiab 3 yuav tsis ua haujlwm, yog li ntawd, cov ntawv sau ntawm axis ntawm ntau qhov 5 yuav yog qhov tshiab.

Yog li, hauv PC nws ua rau kev nkag siab ntxiv axes ntawm ntau yam yooj yim.

Tus lej tseem ceeb tom ntej tom qab 2, 3 thiab 5 yog 7. Nws yog qhov no uas yuav tsum tau siv rau kev tsim kho kev sib raug zoo ntxiv.

Yog cov ntawv sau zaus rau peb muab los ntawm 7 (peb siv 1 kauj ruam raws lub axis tshiab), thiab tom qab ntawd octave (sib faib los ntawm 2) hloov cov suab nrov mus rau qhov qub octave, peb tau txais lub suab tshiab uas tsis yog siv hauv cov suab paj nruag classical.

Ib ntus suav nrog rau thiab daim ntawv no yuav zoo li no:

Qhov loj ntawm lub sijhawm no yog 969 xees (ib xees yog 1/100 ntawm ib qho semitone). Lub caij no yog me ntsis nqaim dua ib qho me me xya (1000 xees).

Nyob rau hauv daim duab 3 koj tuaj yeem pom cov ntsiab lus sib thooj rau lub sijhawm no (hauv qab no nws yog xim liab).

Qhov ntsuas ntawm consonance ntawm lub caij no yog 10%. Rau kev sib piv, ib tug me thib peb muaj tib lub consonance, thiab ib tug me thib xya (ob qho tib si ntuj thiab Pythagorean) yog ib tug luv luv consonant tshaj qhov no. Nws yog tsim nyog hais tias peb txhais tau tias xam consonance. Perceived consonance tej zaum yuav txawv me ntsis, raws li ib tug me me xya rau peb lub rooj sib hais, lub sij hawm yog paub ntau npaum li cas.

Daim ntawv tshiab no yuav nyob qhov twg ntawm PC? Peb tuaj yeem tsim kev sib haum xeeb nrog nws li cas?

Yog tias peb tshem tawm lub octave axis (axis ntawm multiplicity 2), ces lub PC classical yuav tig mus ua tiaj tus (Fig. 5).

Tag nrho cov ntawv nyob rau hauv ib qho octave rau ib leeg yog hu ua tib yam, yog li ntawd qhov kev txo qis yog rau qee qhov raug cai.

Yuav ua li cas tshwm sim thaum koj ntxiv ib tug multiplicity ntawm 7?

Raws li peb tau sau tseg saum toj no, qhov kev sib txuam tshiab ua rau muaj qhov axis tshiab hauv PC (Fig. 6).

Qhov chaw ua peb-dimensional.

Qhov no muab ntau qhov ua tau zoo.

Piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem tsim chords hauv cov dav hlau sib txawv (Fig. 7).

Nyob rau hauv ib lub suab paj nruag, koj tuaj yeem txav ntawm ib lub dav hlau mus rau lwm qhov, tsim kev sib txuas tsis tau xav txog thiab kev sib tw.

Tab sis tsis tas li ntawd, nws muaj peev xwm mus dhau ntawm cov duab tiaj tus thiab tsim cov khoom peb sab: nrog kev pab ntawm chords lossis nrog kev pab ntawm kev txav mus los ntawm ntau qhov kev qhia.

Ua si nrog 3D cov duab, pom meej, yuav yog lub hauv paus rau kev sib haum xeeb microchromatics.

Ntawm no yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm qhov kev sib txuas no.

Thaum lub sij hawm ntawd, thaum suab paj nruag txav los ntawm "linear" Pythagorean system mus rau "ntiaj teb" ntuj, uas yog, nws hloov lub dimension ntawm 1 mus rau 2, suab paj nruag underwed ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws revolutions. Tonalities, tag nrho-fledged polyphony, functionality ntawm chords thiab ib tug innumerable tus naj npawb ntawm lwm yam lus qhia tau tshwm sim. Cov suab paj nruag tau xyaum ua dua tshiab.

Tam sim no peb tab tom ntsib lub kiv puag ncig thib ob - microchromatic - thaum lub sijhawm hloov pauv ntawm 2 mus rau 3.

Ib yam li cov neeg ntawm Nruab Nrab Hnub nyoog tsis tuaj yeem twv seb "cov suab paj nruag ca" yuav zoo li cas, yog li nws nyuaj rau peb tam sim no xav txog seb lub suab paj nruag peb sab yuav zoo li cas.

Cia peb nyob thiab hnov.

Tus sau - Roman Oleinikov