Viola: piav qhia ntawm lub tshuab cua, muaj pes tsawg leeg, keeb kwm

Lub suab ntawm cov suab paj nruag cua no lossi nkaum qab ntau dua thiab tseem ceeb "cov kwv tij". Tab sis nyob rau hauv txhais tes ntawm ib tug tiag tiag trumpeter, lub suab ntawm lub viola tig mus rau hauv ib tug amazing suab paj nruag, tsis muaj uas nws yog tsis yooj yim sua xav txog tej yam jazz compositions los yog marches ntawm tub rog parades.

Kev piav qhia ntawm lub cuab yeej

Cov viola niaj hnub no yog tus sawv cev ntawm cov cuab yeej tooj dag. Yav dhau los, nws tau ntsib ntau yam kev hloov pauv, tab sis niaj hnub no nyob rau hauv qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm orchestras feem ntau tuaj yeem pom qhov dav-scale embouchure tooj liab altohorn nrog lub raj khoov rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm oval thiab nthuav dav ntawm lub tswb.

Txij li thaum lub invention, cov duab ntawm lub raj tau hloov ntau zaus. Nws yog elongated, sib npaug. Tab sis nws yog lub oval uas pab soften lub suab nrov nrov nyob rau hauv tubas. Lub tswb yog qhia upwards.

Hauv Tebchaws Europe, feem ntau koj tuaj yeem pom altohorns nrog lub tswb nrov, uas tso cai rau koj xa mus rau cov neeg mloog tag nrho cov kev sib xyaw ntawm polyphony. Hauv Tebchaws Askiv, kev ua tub rog feem ntau siv viola nrog lub nplai tig rov qab. Qhov kev tsim no txhim kho lub suab paj nruag rau cov tub rog taug kev hauv kev tsim qab ib pab pawg suab paj nruag.

Ntaus ntawv

Violas yog qhov txawv los ntawm qhov dav dav dua li lwm tus neeg sawv cev ntawm pawg tooj dag. Ib lub tais tob-zoo li lub qhov ncauj yog muab tso rau hauv lub hauv paus. Lub extraction ntawm lub suab yog nqa tawm los ntawm tshuab ib kem ntawm huab cua tawm ntawm lub raj nrog txawv zog thiab ib tug tej yam txoj hauj lwm ntawm daim di ncauj. Althorn muaj peb lub valve. Nrog lawv cov kev pab, qhov ntev ntawm huab cua yog hloov, lub suab raug txo los yog nce.

Lub suab ntau ntawm lub altohorn yog me me. Nws pib nrog daim ntawv "A" ntawm lub octave loj thiab xaus nrog "E-flat" ntawm lub thib ob octave. Lub suab yog npub. Kev kho ntawm qhov ntsuas tso cai rau virtuosos los tsim lub suab ib feem peb siab dua li nominal Eb.

Cov npe nruab nrab suav hais tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws, nws cov suab yog siv ob qho tib si rau chanting melodies thiab rho tawm cov suab sib txawv. Tertsovye ntu yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv orchestral xyaum. Cov seem ntawm cov suab nrov tsis meej thiab npub, yog li nws tsis siv ntau zaus.

Viola yog ib qho cuab yeej yooj yim kawm. Hauv cov tsev kawm suab paj nruag, cov neeg uas xav kawm ua si trumpet, saxophone, tuba tau muab los pib nrog viola.

Keeb kwm

Txij li thaum ancient sij hawm, tib neeg muaj peev xwm rho tawm suab ntawm ntau yam pitches ntawm lub horn. Lawv tau ua lub cim rau kev pib yos hav zoov, ceeb toom txog kev phom sij, thiab tau siv rau hnub so. Horns tau dhau los ua tus tsim ntawm txhua yam cuab yeej ntawm pawg tooj dag.

Thawj altohorn tau tsim los ntawm tus kws tsim khoom nto moo, suab paj nruag tswv los ntawm Belgium, Adolf Sachs. Nws tshwm sim xyoo 1840. Cov cuab yeej tshiab tau ua raws li kev txhim kho bugelhorn, cov duab ntawm lub raj uas yog lub khob hliav qab. Raws li tus neeg tsim khoom, qhov nkhaus oval zoo yuav pab tshem tawm cov suab nrov, ua rau lawv softer thiab nthuav cov suab nrov. Sachs muab cov npe "saxhorn" thiab "saxotrombe" rau thawj cov twj paj nruag. Txoj kab uas hla ntawm lawv cov channel yog me dua li niaj hnub viola.

Lub suab tsis meej, npub kaw lub viola nkag mus rau symphony orchestras. Feem ntau nws yog siv nyob rau hauv tooj dag bands. Nrov nyob rau hauv jazz bands. Lub suab nrov ntawm lub suab tso cai rau koj suav nrog viola hauv pawg tub rog suab paj nruag. Nyob rau hauv lub orchestra, nws lub suab yog qhov txawv ntawm lub suab nruab nrab. Alt horn kaw voids thiab kev hloov ntawm lub suab siab thiab qis. Nws yog undeservedly hu ua "Cinderella" ntawm lub tooj dag band. Tab sis cov kws tshaj lij ntseeg tias qhov kev xav zoo li no yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tsis muaj peev xwm ntawm cov kws ntaus suab paj nruag, tsis muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo ntawm cov cuab yeej.