Kaum ob txoj hlua guitar: ntsuas nta, keeb kwm, hom, tuning, yuav ua li cas ua si

Cov neeg tuaj saib cov neeg nyiam sau ntawv thiab ua yeeb yam ntawm lawv tus kheej zaj nkauj Alexander Rosenbaum thiab Yuri Shevchuk coj theem nrog cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb - 12-txoj hlua guitar. Lawv, zoo li ntau lwm tus bards, poob rau hauv kev hlub nrog nws rau lub suab "shimmering". Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias cov hlua khi yog tuned nyob rau hauv unison, lub suab yog hnov ​​txawv los ntawm tib neeg pob ntseg thiab zoo nkaus li zoo rau accompaniment.

Cov cuab yeej nta

Kaum ob txoj hlua ntawm koj cov cuab yeej nyiam yog ib kauj ruam ntawm kev tshaj lij. Tau paub txog 6-txoj hlua guitar, feem ntau cov neeg ua si sai lossis tom qab tuaj yeem xav nthuav dav thiab ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.

Qhov kom zoo dua yog nyob rau hauv lub suab tshwj xeeb uas cov hlua khi muab. Nws hloov tawm mus saturated, sib sib zog nqus, ntau haiv neeg vim muaj coob tus overtones.

Lub peculiarity ntawm lub suab nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev cuam tshuam, thaum lub suab ntawm cov hlua tuned nyob rau hauv unison yog superimposed. Lub amplitude ntawm lawv vibrating nthwv dej sib tshooj, tsim audible beats.

Qhov ntsuas txawv ntawm nws txoj hlua rau "tus muam". Nws tso cai rau koj mus ua si nrog basses, tsim ib tug chord system uas muaj rau-txoj hlua tsis muaj. Ntau qhov xwm txheej, "ntse" rau ntau hom, tso cai rau koj siv cov cuab yeej hauv ntau hom suab paj nruag.

Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm rau txoj hlua guitar

Qhov sib txawv sab nraud ntawm 12-txoj hlua thiab 6-txoj hlua guitar yog me me. Nws yuav tsum tau yug los hauv lub siab tias qhov no yog "cov cuab yeej loj" nrog lub suab nrov ntxiv, zoo li dreadnought lossis jumbo. Cov ntsiab cai uas paub qhov txawv ntawm cov cuab yeej yog raws li nram no:

• tus naj npawb ntawm cov hlua - txhua tus muaj nws tus kheej khub thiab lawv tau clamped ua ke;
• caj dab dav - nws yog dav dua kom haum ntau cov hlua;
• reinforced lub cev - muaj zog nro ua rau lub caj dab thiab sab saum toj lawj, yog li ntawd, cov ntoo zoo yog siv los ua cov qauv.

Cov kws ntaus suab paj nruag uas ua si 12-txoj hlua guitar nco ntsoov qhov zoo ntawm cov twj paj nruag, xws li suab zoo, suab paj nruag, suab nrov, cov nyhuv ntawm ob lub guitars, thiab cov cib fim rau ntau haiv neeg hauv kev muaj tswv yim. Tab sis tib lub sijhawm, kuj muaj qhov tsis zoo uas tsis tseem ceeb rau cov kws tshaj lij. Qhov ntsuas yuav tsum muaj kev siv zog ntau thiab qhov tseeb hauv kev ntiv tes, nws lub suab yog me ntsis ntsiag to dua li "rau txoj hlua", thiab tus nqi kim dua.

Keeb kwm ntawm keeb kwm

Lub ncov ntawm cov cuab yeej muaj koob meej tuaj nyob rau hauv 60s ntawm lub xyoo pua XX, thaum cov twj paj nruag tau txais txiaj ntsig rau lawv lub suab zoo thiab muaj peev xwm. Txoj cai hu ua "hom teb" ntawm "kaum kaum ob txoj hlua" yog koom nrog Mexico, America thiab Ltalis. Cov poj koob yawm txwv ntawm cov cuab yeej yog mandolin, baglama, vihuela, Greek bouzouka.

Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, American factories pib tsim ib tug patented version ntawm acoustic 12-txoj hlua guitar. Pop musicians nyiam ua si rau nws, uas txaus siab rau velvety, ib puag ncig lub suab thiab ntau yam ntawm cov qauv.

Cov kws ntaus suab paj nruag 'kev sim ua rau muaj kev txhim kho hauv kev tsim, nyob rau hauv uas pib tag nrho cov hlua khi tau tuned nyob rau hauv unison. Tus tsim tau txais plaub txoj hlua, pib nrog qhov thib peb hauv kev kho nrog qhov sib txawv octave. Nws tau paub meej: 12-txoj hlua guitar yog qhov zoo sib txawv ntawm 6-txoj hlua ib qho, zoo li ob lub twj paj nruag ua si tib lub sijhawm.

Tus tshiab version ntawm ib txwm sawv cev ntawm plucked hlua tsev neeg tau nquag siv los ntawm xws li nrov bands xws li Qween, Eagles, The Beatles. Nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws theem, Yuri Shevchuk yog ib tug ntawm cov thawj ua yeeb yam nrog nws, ces Alexander Rosenbaum.

Lub guitar kho dua tshiab tau kim heev thiab feem ntau dhau qhov ncav cuag bards. Tab sis kev nqis peev hauv cov cuab yeej tshiab tau tsim nyog los ntawm nws lub suab thiab muaj peev xwm ua si yam tsis tau rov kawm dua.

hom

Kaum ob txoj hlua guitar tuaj yeem ua ntau hom:

• Dreadnought yog ib qho qauv loj nrog lub suab "rectangular" duab. Haum rau kev ua suab paj nruag hauv ntau hom. Nws muaj lub suab nrov nrog punchy bass.
• Jumbo - lovers ntawm lub suab muaj zog nyiam ua si nws. Structurally, nws yog txawv los ntawm ib tug ca lawj, volumetric qhov ntev thiab pronounced khoov ntawm lub plhaub.
• Lub auditorium yog qhov loj me thiab zoo tagnrho rau kev ua si nrog ntiv tes lossis nrog lub pllectrum.

Rau cov pib tshiab, "auditorium" yog qhov yooj yim dua, tab sis tus kws ntaus nkauj uas tau paub txog "rau txoj hlua" tuaj yeem hloov kho tau yooj yim rau kev ua si 12-txoj hlua guitar.

Teeb Nta

Tuning ib qho cuab yeej yooj yim dua thaum siv lub tuner. Kev kho ntawm 12-txoj hlua guitar yuav luag zoo ib yam li 6-txoj hlua guitar. Thawj thiab thib ob txoj hlua suab hauv "Mi" ntawm thawj thiab "Si" ntawm ib qho me me octave, raws li, cov khub tau kho tib yam. Pib los ntawm qhov thib peb, cov hlua nyias nyias txawv ntawm cov tuab tuab los ntawm octave:

• 3rd khub - hauv "Sol", tuab octave qis;
• 4 khub - hauv "Re", qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov octave ntawm qhov me thiab thawj;
• 5 khub - tuned hauv "La" me me thiab loj octaves;
• 6 khub - "Mi" loj thiab, raws li, me.

Thawj ob khub ntawm cov hlua yog nyias thiab tsis muaj braid. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khub sib txawv - ib qho yog nyias, lwm qhov yog tuab nyob rau hauv winding.

Cov kws tshaj lij feem ntau siv cov kev hloov kho ntawm kaum ob txoj hlua guitar, piv txwv li, basses tau kho nyob rau hauv tsib los yog plaub, thiab cov siab nyob rau hauv peb thiab xya.

Ib qho cuab yeej kho kom raug tsis yog tsuas yog lub suab meej xwb, tab sis kuj yog lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub cev, thiab qhov tsis muaj deformation. Lawv pib kho los ntawm cov hlua tseem ceeb txav mus rau nruab nrab, ces lawv "tiav" cov ntxiv.

Yuav ua li cas ua si kaum ob txoj hlua guitar

Cov txheej txheem ua yeeb yam zoo ib yam li "rau-txoj hlua", thaum tus kws ntaus nkauj pinches cov hlua tsim nyog nrog tus ntiv tes ntawm nws sab laug tes, thiab "ua haujlwm" nrog sab tes xis los ntawm kev tawm tsam lossis xaiv. Clamping yuav tsum muaj kev siv zog, tab sis kev xyaum pab ua kom paub cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub cuab yeej. Yog tias ua si los ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua yooj yim dua rau tus tswv, ces nws yog qhov nyuaj rau cov neeg pib ua si ob txoj hlua uas muaj zog heev tib lub sijhawm.

Qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws los ua tus tswv ntawm 12-txoj hlua guitar yog muab rau cov neeg ua yeeb yam nrog ib txhais tes me me thiab cov ntiv tes luv, vim tias lub caj dab txhawb nqa thiab loj dua yuav tsum muaj qee qhov kev pab them nqi.

Tus kws ntaus nkauj yuav tsum kawm ua ob txoj hlua tib lub sijhawm nrog sab laug tes, siv chord fingering thiab barre txheej txheem, thiab pluck nrog txoj cai, uas yuav siv sij hawm qee lub sij hawm. Nyob rau hauv thawj rooj plaub, yuav tsum tau txhim kho stretching ntawm tes, nyob rau hauv lub thib ob - dexterity. Sij hawm dhau mus, koj tuaj yeem kawm ua si nrog kev xaiv, tab sis kev ua si arpeggios yuav tsum tau siv zog thiab ua haujlwm hnyav.

Tswv yim rau xaiv kaum ob txoj hlua Guitar

Niaj hnub no, kev yuav khoom zoo li no tsis yooj yim. Txhua lub tsev suab paj nruag suav nrog nws hauv lawv cov ntawv teev npe. Paub txog cov yam ntxwv, qauv thiab cov txheej txheem yuav tso cai rau koj xaiv lub guitar zoo. Ua ntej yuav, koj yuav tsum tsis tsuas yog los soj ntsuam tus tsim, tab sis kuj ua si yam tsawg kawg yog ob peb primitive chords. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xyuam xim rau:

• kev npaj kom zoo thiab nro ntawm cov hlua - qhov ntsuas yuav tsum tau kho thaum yuav khoom;
• tsim kom zoo, gluing plhaub;
• cov hlua yuav tsum muaj qee qhov kev teeb tsa qhov siab, ib qho kev sib txawv ntawm cov qauv yuav ua rau deformation ntawm lub caj dab;
• tus nqi - xws li cov cuab yeej tsis tuaj yeem pheej yig, tus nqi ntawm cov qauv yooj yim pib los ntawm 10 txhiab rubles.

Cov qauv pheej yig yog tsim los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom hauv Suav teb. Lawv siv ib qho yooj yim ua kom yuam kev los txhawb lub hull nrog ntau txheej ntawm pheej yig plywood, uas txo tus nqi kawg. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los coj tus kws tshaj lij nrog koj mus rau lub khw. Cov cuab yeej nthuav dav ntawm kaum ob txoj hlua guitar yog nws lub suab mos nrog qhib chords, uas yuav zoo li kev sib haum xeeb rau tus pib, thiab "pro" yuav nkag siab tam sim ntawd cov nuances.