Kemancha: piav qhia ntawm qhov ntsuas, muaj pes tsawg leeg, keeb kwm, ntau yam, kev ua si

Kemancha yog ib lub suab seev suab paj nruag. belongs rau chav kawm hneev nti. Tshaj tawm hauv Caucasus, Middle East, Greece thiab lwm thaj chaw.

Keeb kwm ntawm lub cuab yeej

Persia suav hais tias yog lub tsev qub txeeg qub teg ntawm Kamancha. Cov duab qub tshaj plaws thiab cov ntawv xa mus rau Persian bowed hlua ntsuas hnub rov qab mus rau xyoo pua XNUMX. Cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws txog keeb kwm ntawm lub cuab yeej muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntawv sau ntawm Persian suab paj nruag theorist Abdulgadir Maragi.

Persian progenitor tau txawv los ntawm tus qauv tsim rau ntau pua xyoo. Lub fretboard yog ntev thiab clawless, cia ntau chav rau improvisation. Cov pegs yog loj. Lub caj dab muaj qhov sib npaug. Lub hauv ntej ntawm rooj plaub yog tsim los ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm cov tsiaj reptiles thiab ntses. Ib tug spire extends ntawm qab ntawm lub cev.

Tus naj npawb ntawm cov hlua 3-4. Tsis muaj ib qho system, kemancha tau kho nyob ntawm qhov nyiam ntawm kamancha. Niaj hnub nimno Iranian musicians siv violin tuning.

Txhawm rau rho tawm suab los ntawm Persian kemenche, ib lub voj voos plaub hau hneev yog siv. Thaum ua si, tus ntaus suab paj nruag so lub spire rau hauv pem teb los kho cov twj paj nruag.

Hom

Muaj ntau hom twj paj nruag uas tuaj yeem hu ua kemancha. Lawv koom ua ke los ntawm cov qauv zoo sib xws ntawm lub cev, cov xov tooj ntawm cov hlua, cov kev cai ntawm Kev Ua Si thiab tib lub hauv paus hauv lub npe. Txhua hom yuav suav nrog ntau yam sib txawv ntawm kemancha.

• Pontic lyre. Nws thawj zaug tshwm sim hauv Byzantium hauv lub xyoo pua XNUMX-XNUMXth AD. Lub lig tsim ntawm lyre yog raws li Persian kamancha. Lyra tau muab lub npe los ntawm Greek lub npe thaum ub rau Hiav Txwv Dub - Pont Euxinus, nyob rau sab qab teb ntug dej hiav txwv uas nws tau dav. Pontic version yog qhov txawv los ntawm cov duab ntawm rooj plaub, zoo ib yam li lub raj mis, thiab lub qhov me me resonator. Nws yog kev cai ua si lub lyre hauv plaub ntawm ob peb txoj hlua tib lub sijhawm.

• Armenian kev. nqis los ntawm Pontic kemancha. Lub cev ntawm Armenian version tau nthuav dav, thiab cov hlua tau nce ntawm 4 mus rau 7. Keman kuj muaj cov hlua resonating. Cov hlua ntxiv tso cai rau keman kom suab tob dua. Serob "Jivani" Stepanovich Lemonyan yog ib tug paub zoo Armenian kamanist ua yeeb yam.
• Armenian kamancha. Cais Armenian version ntawm kamancha, tsis hais txog keman. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov hlua 3-4. Muaj qhov me me thiab loj. Qhov tob ntawm lub suab nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm lub cev. Ib tug yam ntxwv feature ntawm kev ua si lub kamancha yog cov txheej txheem ntawm rub tus hneev nrog sab tes xis. Nrog tus ntiv tes ntawm sab tes xis, tus kws ntaus suab paj nruag hloov lub suab ntawm lub suab. Thaum lub sij hawm ua si, lub twj paj nruag yog tuav siab nrog ib tug tsa tes.
• Kabak Kemane. Transcaucasian version, luam cov Byzantine lyre. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb yog lub cev ua los ntawm ntau yam tshwj xeeb ntawm taub dag.

• Qaib ntxhw Kemenche. Lub npe "kemendzhe" kuj pom. Nrov nyob rau hauv niaj hnub Turkey. Lub cev yog pear-puab. Ntev 400-410 mm. Dav tsis ntau tshaj 150 mm. Cov qauv yog carved los ntawm cov khoom ntoo. Classic tuning ntawm peb txoj hlua qauv: DGD. Thaum ua si, lub caj dab nrog pegs so ntawm lub xub pwg ntawm Kemenchist. Lub suab yog muab rho tawm nrog rau tes. Legato feem ntau siv.

• Azerbaijani chaw nres tsheb. Azerbaijani tsim yuav tsum muaj 3 lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb. Lub caj dab txuas nrog lub cev, thiab ib qho spire hla tag nrho lub cev los kho cov kamancha. Lub cev yog qee zaum dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov duab kos thiab cov khoom zoo nkauj. Qhov ntev ntawm kamancha yog 70 cm, lub thickness yog 17,5 cm, thiab qhov dav yog 19,5 cm. Txog rau xyoo pua 3th, cov qauv nrog 4, 5 thiab XNUMX txoj hlua tau tshwm sim hauv Azerbaijan. Cov qub versions muaj ib tug yooj yim tsim: daim tawv nqaij ntawm tus tsiaj twb stretched tshaj ib tug niaj zaus txiav ntawm ntoo.