Ua ke |
los ntawm Fabkis pawg - ua ke
1) Ib pawg neeg ua yeeb yam ua ke. To A. nqa hl. arr. ob peb compositions nyob rau hauv uas txhua feem yog ua los ntawm ib tug tshuab raj (lub thiaj li hu ua chamber ensembles: duet, trio, quartet, quintet, thiab lwm yam). Muaj tsim instr. lus :fp. duet, hlua. quartet, dab quintet. instruments, etc. A. tseem hu ua hu nkauj. thiab orc. collectives, koom ua ke ntawm pawg hu nkauj, orchestra thiab ballet.
Nyob rau hauv lub 16-18 centuries. tau dav. polyphonic cov ntaub ntawv. A. Nyob rau hauv lub era ntawm Viennese classics, cov yam ntxwv ensemble genres tsim uas tau khaws lawv qhov tseem ceeb rau niaj hnub no. sij hawm (txoj hlua quartet, violin duet nrog piano, thiab lwm yam). Rau instr. A. suab paj nruag. romanticism yog ib yam ntawm cov predominance ntawm cov hlua. cuab yeej. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 20th muaj ntau yam xim siv. compositions, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ntau. A. koom nrog tus ntsuj plig. thiab tshuab. cuab yeej.
2) Txhim kho kev ua haujlwm. Kev kos duab ntawm kev ua yeeb yam ua yeeb yam yog nyob ntawm lub peev xwm ntawm tus neeg ua yeeb yam los ntsuas nws cov duab. tus kheej, nws ua. style, technical techniques nrog tus kheej, style, kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov neeg koom tes, uas ua kom muaj kev sib raug zoo thiab kev sib haum xeeb ntawm kev ua tau zoo tag nrho.
3) Suab paj nruag. prod. rau A. performers. Nyob ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam, ib qho duet, trio, quartet, quintet, sextet, septet, octet, nonet, decimet yog qhov txawv. A. tseem hu ua tus naj npawb tiav ntawm opera, oratorio, cantata, ua los ntawm ib pab pawg neeg hu nkauj, nrog rau lub suab paj nruag lossis tsis muaj kev sib tham.
Литература: Ravizza V., Cov cuab yeej cuab tam los ntawm 1400 txog 1550 hauv Ltalis. hloov suab. Tshaj tawm ntawm Swiss Music Research Society, Ser. II, Vol. 21, Bern-Stuttgart, 1970.
LE Gackel
Nyob rau hauv opera: ib ntu uas muaj ntau tus neeg hu nkauj koom nrog (duet, quartet, thiab lwm yam). Qee lub sij hawm tsis tsuas yog soloists, tab sis kuj cov cim thib ob koom nrog hauv qhov kawg (piv txwv li, hauv pawg zaum kawg).
Qhov no yog li cas qhov kev txiav txim yog feem ntau ua nyob rau hauv Rossini lub operas ("Lub Barber ntawm Seville", "Italian nyob rau hauv Algiers"). Tchaikovsky nyob rau hauv qhov kawg ntawm Txoj Cai 1 ntawm Lub Enchantress siv ib hom tsis tshua muaj pawg - decimet (10 soloists).
E. Tsodokov
