Beep: instrument composition, suab, keeb kwm, siv, ua si txheej txheem

Nyob rau hauv Russia, tsis muaj ib tug pej xeem kev ua koob tsheej ua tiav tsis muaj nkauj thiab seev cev. Cov neeg nyiam ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib yog cov buffoons, uas tsis yog tsuas yog ua rau cov neeg saib lom zem xwb, tab sis kuj hu nkauj zoo, nrog lawv tus kheej ntawm xuav. Outwardly primitive, stringed bowed suab paj nruas ntsuas yog dav xav txog nyob rau hauv lub qhov ncauj pej xeem paj huam.

Cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm li cas

Lub cev pear-puab los yog oval-puab smoothly hloov mus rau hauv ib tug luv luv, fretless caj dab. Lub lawj yog tiaj tus nrog ib lossis ob qhov resonator qhov. Lub caj dab tuav peb lossis plaub txoj hlua. Nyob rau hauv Russia, lawv tau ua los ntawm tsiaj veins los yog hemp hlua.

Ib rab hneev tau siv los tsim suab. Nws cov duab zoo li tus hneev nti hneev. Cov cuab yeej cuab tam thaum ub yog ua los ntawm ntoo. Feem ntau nws yog ib qho khoom tawg, uas lub puab sab hauv hollowed tawm. Muaj cov piv txwv nrog cov ntaub ntawv nplaum. Lub lawj ntawm lub horn yog ncaj, tiaj tus. Qhov ntev ntawm 30 centimeters mus rau ib 'meter'.

Lub suab zoo li cas

Musicologists-historians feem ntau piv cov pej xeem Lavxias teb sab seev nrog lub violin, nrhiav tsev neeg kev sib raug zoo ntawm lawv. Lub suab ntawm lub beep yog qhov ntswg, creaky, importunate, tiag reminiscent ntawm lub suab ntawm ib tug niaj hnub kev kawm nkauj laus ncas.

Keeb kwm

Cov kws tshawb fawb tau pom thawj zaug hais txog lub qub Lavxias teb sab chordophone hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm xyoo pua XNUMX. Thaum lub sij hawm excavations nyob rau hauv lub Pskov thiab Novgorod cheeb tsam, muaj ntau yam qauv tau pom, uas thaum xub thawj misled archaeologists thiab historians. Nws tsis tau meej meej li cas cov kws ntaus suab paj nruag ua si qhov kev nrhiav pom thaum ub, rau pawg twg cov twj paj nruag uas xuav.

Thaum xub thawj, nws tau ntseeg tias pom muaj ib qho analogue ntawm harp. Tig mus rau cov keeb kwm yav dhau los, cov kws tshawb fawb pom tau tias qhov ntsuas tau zoo li cas, thiab muaj peev xwm txiav txim siab tias lub suab nrov yog nyob rau hauv pawg bowed hlua. Lwm lub npe yog smyk.

Ntau cov analogues thaum ub tau siv nyob rau hauv Ancient Greece - lyre thiab hauv Europe - fidel. Qhov no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm xav tias lub suab nrov yog qiv los ntawm lwm haiv neeg, thiab tsis yog ib qho kev tsim hauv Lavxias. Smyk yog ib qho cuab yeej rau tib neeg, nws tau nquag siv los ntawm buffoons, thiab horns yog cov cim tseem ceeb ntawm txhua lub koob tsheej, kev ua koob tsheej, kev ua yeeb yam hauv txoj kev.

Lub Koom Txoos Lavxias Orthodox muaj tus cwj pwm tsis zoo rau qhov ntsuas no. Nws ntseeg tau hais tias lub grimacing ntawm buffoons rau lub suab ntawm qhov ze yog kev txhaum thiab tshwm sim los ntawm dab. Hauv Moscow Kremlin muaj ib lub tsev tshwj xeeb hu ua Amusement Chamber. Muaj cov hooters uas txaus siab rau lub tsev hais plaub huab tais thiab cov tub rog.

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua XNUMX, cov neeg sawv cev ntawm tsev neeg cov hlua tau pom dav siv; Thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua, tsis muaj ib tug neeg ncaws pob tseem nyob hauv lub tebchaws. Tam sim no, lub horn tsuas tuaj yeem pom hauv tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm pej xeem cov twj paj nruag. Cov qauv qub tshaj plaws tau pom thaum lub sijhawm khawb hauv thaj av Novgorod thiab hnub rov qab mus rau xyoo pua XNUMX. Lavxias teb sab craftsmen tsis tu ncua sim reconstruct lub smyk siv ancient chronicles.

Cov txheej txheem ua si

Tsuas yog ib txoj hlua tau siv los rho tawm lub suab nrov tseem ceeb. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv feem ntau ancient specimens, tus so yog tsis tag nrho. Tom qab ntawd, ntxiv bourdons tshwm sim, uas, thaum lub tshuab raj pib ua si, hummed tsis nres. Li no lub npe ntawm lub instrument.

Thaum lub sij hawm ua si, tus neeg ua yeeb yam tau so qhov qis ntawm lub cev ntawm nws lub hauv caug, coj lub hneev vertically nrog nws lub taub hau, thiab ua hauj lwm horizontally nrog hneev.

siv

Kev lom zem ntawm cov tib neeg yog lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev siv lub xuav xuav hauv keeb kwm ntawm Russia. Smyk suab nrov thaum lub sijhawm ua koob tsheej, tuaj yeem siv solo, hauv ib pawg nrog lwm cov twj paj nruag, rau kev sib txuas ntawm cov nkauj comic, lus dab neeg. Gudoshnikovs 'repertoire suav nrog cov nkauj tshwj xeeb thiab suab paj nruag tsim los ntawm lawv tus kheej.

Tau 50-80 xyoo dhau los, cov neeg keeb kwm hauv zos thiab keeb kwm tau sim nrhiav tsawg kawg yog ib qho kev sib tw hauv cov neeg nyob deb nroog, tab sis tam sim no tsis muaj ib qho tau pom. Qhov no qhia tau hais tias cov qub Lavxias teb sab smyk tau poob tag nrho nws qhov tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv lub suab paj nruag kab lis kev cai ntawm cov neeg, qhib txoj kev rau cov noble kev kawm nkauj laus ncas. Nyob rau hauv niaj hnub siv, nws tsuas yog pom nyob rau hauv keeb kwm reconstructions, films nrog haiv neeg cov ntsiab lus.