Alto saxophone: piav qhia ntawm lub cuab yeej, muaj pes tsawg leeg, suab, keeb kwm, ua yeeb yam

Nyob rau yav tsaus ntuj lub caij ntuj sov, qhuas lub hiav txwv hnub poob, los yog taug kev ntev los ntawm Moscow mus rau St. Petersburg, koj ntes koj tus kheej xav tias lub suab nrov thiab romantic suab paj nruag coj koj cov kev xav mus rau qhov chaw uas tsis muaj kev txhawj xeeb thiab mob hlwb. Tsuas yog lub saxophone suab zoo siab heev – ib lub suab paj nruag uas alleviates kev txom nyem, coj mus tom ntej, cog lus muaj kev xyiv fab thiab mob siab rau, prophesies hmoov zoo.

Txheej txheem cej luam

Lub saxophone muaj ib tsev neeg uas nws kim heev, uas yog, muaj ntau hom cua tshuab, uas txawv nyob rau hauv suab thiab tonality. Niaj hnub no, 6 hom yog suav hais tias yog feem ntau:

• Ib tug sopranino yog ib daim ntawv me me ntawm ib tug zoo soprano, zoo ib yam li lub suab rau clarinet.
• Soprano saxophone nrog lub ntsej muag nkhaus thiab lub suab echoing lub suab soprano.
• Lub alto saxophone yog thawj lub suab nrov tshaj plaws nrog lub suab zoo ib yam li tib neeg lub suab, qhia txog kev tu siab, kev xyiv fab, thiab kev cia siab.
• Lub tenor saxophone yog ib qho cuab yeej loj, ua tsaug rau cov yeeb yuj suab uas nws tau txais kev nyiam hauv jazz.
• Baritone saxophone - ua cov suab paj nruag virtuoso.
• Bass saxophone - lees paub tias yog tus tswv hauv suab nrov hauv cov npe qis, qhov no txo ​​qis kev siv cov cuab yeej hauv orchestrations.

Adolf Sachs Ameslikas tsim kaum plaub ntau yam ntawm cov cuab yeej, tab sis niaj hnub no tsis yog txhua tus ntawm lawv decorate peb lub neej nrog lub widest palette ntawm lub suab.

Cov cuab yeej cuab tam

Txawm hais tias nws qhov me me, lub alto saxophone yog nrov nrog cov kws ntaus nkauj ua ob qho tib si classical thiab jazz compositions.

Alt muaj ib tug complex qauv. Los ntawm cov khoom sib cais, craftsmen sib sau ua ke ib qho cuab yeej ua suab nrov uas cuam tshuam lub plawv.

Cov yeeb nkab nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub khob hliav qab, nthuav rau ntawm ib sab - lub cev ntawm lub saxophone nrog lub valve-lever mechanism - los ntawm qhov deb zoo li tus cwj pwm ntawm tus neeg haus luam yeeb esthete. Hauv qhov txuas ntxiv, lub cev dhau mus rau hauv lub tswb, thiab hauv qhov nqaim, nrog kev pab los ntawm esca, nws tau ua ke nrog lub qhov ncauj, uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau lub suab zoo thiab zoo ib yam hauv cov qauv rau lub qhov ncauj clarinet. Roj hmab, ebonite, plexiglass lossis hlau alloy yog siv rau nws cov khoom siv.

Lub caij ntawm lub saxophone uas tsim lub suab hu ua reed. Nrog kev pab los ntawm ib tug ligature - ib tug me me dab tshos, lub reed yog txuas mus rau lub qhov ncauj. Niaj hnub no, qhov no feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov khoom siv dag zog, tab sis qhov tseeb, yuav tsum siv ntoo. Lub cane yog tsim los ntawm reeds los ntawm sab qab teb ntawm Fabkis.

Keeb kwm ntawm lub saxophone thiab nws tus creator

Xyoo 2022, nws yuav yog 180 xyoo txij li Belgian suab paj nruag tus tswv Antoine-Joseph Sachs (Adolf Sax) tsim ib qho cuab yeej rau ib pab tub rog. Ntau qhov tseeb, 14 ntau yam cuab yeej raug tsim, sib txawv ntawm qhov loj thiab suab. Lub alto saxophone yog qhov nrov tshaj plaws hauv tsev neeg no.

Cov cuab yeej suab paj nruag no muaj ntau yam teeb meem: lawv raug txwv nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees rau qhov tsis muaj Aryan keeb kwm, thiab nyob rau hauv lub USSR saxophones tau suav hais tias yog ib feem ntawm kab lis kev cai ntawm ib tug yeeb ncuab ideological, thiab lawv kuj raug txwv.

Tab sis dhau sij hawm, txhua yam hloov pauv, thiab tam sim no txhua xyoo saxophonists los ntawm thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb tuaj sib sau ua ke hauv Dinant mus rau kev ua yeeb yam raws txoj kev taug kev thiab yav tsaus ntuj, illuminated los ntawm lub teeb, yog li them tribute rau tus tsim ntawm lub suab paj nruag.

Hauv lub nroog Denau, qhov chaw yug ntawm Sax, lub monument rau tus tswv zoo tau raug tsim tsa, thiab cov duab ntawm saxophone tuaj yeem pom hauv khw noj mov, tuav thiab cafes thoob ntiaj teb.

Yuav ua li cas alto saxophone suab?

Lub suab ua los ntawm viola tsis ib txwm sib haum rau lub suab ntawm cov ntawv sau hauv cov qhab nia. Qhov no tau piav qhia los ntawm qhov tseeb tias lub suab ntau ntawm saxophone suav nrog ntau dua ob lub octaves thiab muab faib ua cov npe. Qhov kev xaiv ntawm siab, nruab nrab thiab qis sau npe dictates cov suab paj nruag ua si.

Qhov ntau qhov ntim ntawm cov npe sau npe ua rau muaj kev nkag siab ntawm qhov nro. Screaming suab qis tsuas yog hnov ​​los ntawm tus neeg hais lus. Tab sis kev sib haum xeeb ntawm lub suab tsim ib qho kev xav tsis nco qab ntawm ib daim suab paj nruag. Feem ntau cov no yog solo ua yeeb yam ntawm jazz compositions. Alto saxophone tsis tshua siv nyob rau hauv orchestras.

Cov neeg ua yeeb yam nto moo

Muaj ntau qhov kev sib tw suab paj nruag jazz rau saxophonists thoob ntiaj teb. Tab sis lub ntsiab yog muaj nyob rau hauv Belgium nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Denau. Cov kws tshaj lij sib npaug rau qhov kev sib tw Tchaikovsky.

Cov yeej ntawm cov kev sib tw no yog cov neeg ua yeeb yam xws li: Charlie Parker, Kenny Garrett, Jimmy Dorsey, Johnny Hodges, Eric Dolphy, David Sanborn, Anthony Braxton, Phil Woods, John Zorn, Paul Desmond. Ntawm lawv yog cov npe ntawm Lavxias teb sab saxophonists: Sergei Kolesov, Georgy Garanyan, Igor Butman thiab lwm tus.

Raws li tus neeg sawv cev ci ntsa iab ntawm jazz suab paj nruag, saxophone yuav ib txwm nyob hauv qhov chaw tseem ceeb. Nws muaj peev xwm tiv nrog classical tej hauj lwm raws li ib feem ntawm lub orchestra thiab envelop lub haze ntawm romance thiab sentimentality ntawm cafe qhua. Txhua qhov chaw nws lub suab enchanting yuav ua rau muaj kev zoo siab rau tib neeg.