Yuri Khatuevich Temirkanov |
Yuri Temirkanov
Yug Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 10, 1938 hauv Nalchik. Nws txiv, Temirkanov Khatu Sagidovich, yog tus thawj coj ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ua Yeeb Yam ntawm Kabardino-Balkarian Autonomous Republic, yog phooj ywg nrog tus kws sau ntawv Sergei Prokofiev, uas ua haujlwm thaum xyoo 1941 khiav tawm hauv Nalchik. Ib feem ntawm cov pab pawg neeg nto moo Moscow Art Theatre kuj tau khiav tawm ntawm no, cov uas yog Nemirovich-Danchenko, Kachalov, Moskvin, Knipper-Chekhova, uas ua nyob rau hauv lub nroog ua yeeb yam. Ib puag ncig ntawm nws txiv thiab qhov chaw ua yeeb yam tau dhau los ua lub pob zeb rau yav tom ntej kws ntaus nkauj hauv kev paub nws tus kheej nrog kev coj noj coj ua.
Thawj cov xibfwb ntawm Yuri Temirkanov yog Valery Fedorovich Dashkov thiab Truvor Karlovich Sheybler. Lub tom kawg yog ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv ntawm Glazunov, kawm tiav ntawm Petrograd Conservatory, ib tug composer thiab folklorist, nws zoo heev pab txhawb rau lub expansion ntawm Yuri lub artistic horizons. Thaum Temirkanov kawm tiav tsev kawm ntawv, nws tau txiav txim siab tias nws yuav yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau nws mus txuas ntxiv nws txoj kev kawm hauv nroog ntawm Neva. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv Nalchik, Yuri Khatuevich Temirkanov twb predetermined txoj kev mus rau Leningrad, lub nroog uas shaped nws raws li ib tug tshuab raj thiab ib tug neeg.
Nyob rau hauv 1953, Yuri Temirkanov nkag mus rau lub Secondary Special Music School ntawm lub Leningrad Conservatory, nyob rau hauv lub violin chav kawm ntawm Mikhail Mikhailovich Belyakov.
Tom qab tawm hauv tsev kawm ntawv, Temirkanov kawm ntawm Leningrad Conservatory (1957-1962). Kawm hauv chav kawm viola, uas yog coj los ntawm Grigory Isaevich Ginzburg, Yuri ib txhij tau mus kawm cov chav kawm ntawm Ilya Aleksandrovich Musin thiab Nikolai Semenovich Rabinovich. Thawj tus tau qhia nws txog kev siv tshuab nyuaj ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib cov khoom siv tes ua, qhov thib ob tau qhia nws los kho tus neeg xyuas pib txoj haujlwm nrog kev ua haujlwm hnyav. Qhov no ua rau Y.Temirkanov txuas ntxiv nws txoj kev kawm.
Los ntawm 1962 mus rau 1968, Temirkanov yog ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv, thiab tom qab ntawd ib tug kawm tiav tub ntxhais kawm ntawm tus thawj coj department. Tom qab kawm tiav hauv 1965 los ntawm chav kawm ntawm opera thiab symphony coj, nws ua nws debut ntawm Leningrad Maly Opera thiab Ballet Theatre hauv kev ua si "La Traviata" los ntawm G. Verdi. Ntawm lwm cov neeg ua haujlwm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv cov xyoo ntawd yog Donizetti's Love Potion (1968), Gershwin's Porgy thiab Bess (1972).
Xyoo 1966, 28-xyoo-laus Temirkanov yeej thawj qhov khoom plig ntawm II All-Union Conducting Competition nyob rau hauv Moscow. Tam sim ntawd tom qab kev sib tw, nws tau mus ncig hauv Asmeskas nrog K. Kondrashin, D. Oistrakh thiab Moscow Philharmonic Symphony Orchestra.
Los ntawm 1968 mus rau 1976 Yuri Temirkanov coj lub Academic Symphony Orchestra ntawm lub Leningrad Philharmonic. Los ntawm 1976 txog 1988 nws yog tus thawj coj kos duab thiab tus thawj coj ntawm Kirov (tam sim no Mariinsky) Opera thiab Ballet Theatre. Nyob rau hauv nws txoj kev coj noj coj ua, lub tsev ua yeeb yam tau tsim cov khoom lag luam zoo li "Kev Tsov Rog thiab Kev Thaj Yeeb" los ntawm S. Prokofiev (1977), "Dead Souls" los ntawm R. Shchedrin (1978), "Peter I" (1975), "Pushkin" (1979) thiab Mayakovsky Pib los ntawm A. Petrov (1983), Eugene Onegin (1982) thiab Poj huab tais ntawm Spades los ntawm PI Tchaikovsky (1984), Boris Godunov los ntawm MP Mussorgsky (1986), uas tau los ua cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb hauv lub suab paj nruag ntawm lub teb chaws thiab cim. los ntawm cov khoom plig siab. Cov neeg nyiam suab paj nruag tsis yog ntawm Leningrad nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj ntawm ntau lub nroog tau npau suav txog qhov kev ua yeeb yam no!
Tus thawj coj ua yeeb yam ntawm Bolshoi Drama Theatre GA Tovstonogov, tom qab mloog "Eugene Onegin" hauv Kirovsky, hais rau Temirkanov: "Yuav ua li cas nyob rau hauv qhov kawg koj tua Onegin txoj hmoo ..." (Tom qab cov lus "Huag, kuv txom nyem heev!")
Nrog rau pab neeg ua yeeb yam, Temirkanov pheej mus ncig xyuas ntau lub tebchaws nyob sab Europe, thawj zaug hauv keeb kwm ntawm pab pawg nto moo - rau Askiv, nrog rau Nyiv thiab Tebchaws Asmeskas. Nws yog thawj tus qhia symphony concerts nrog lub orchestra ntawm Kirov Theatre rau hauv kev xyaum. Y. Temirkanov tau ua tiav ntawm ntau lub npe nrov ua yeeb yam.
Nyob rau hauv 1988, Yuri Temirkanov tau raug xaiv los ua tus thawj coj thiab tus thawj coj kos duab ntawm Honored Collective ntawm Russia - Academic Symphony Orchestra ntawm St. Petersburg Philharmonic muaj npe tom qab DD Shostakovich. "Kuv txaus siab ua tus thawj coj xaiv. Yog tias kuv tsis yuam kev, qhov no yog thawj zaug hauv keeb kwm ntawm cov suab paj nruag kab lis kev cai uas pawg nws tus kheej txiav txim siab leej twg yuav tsum coj nws. Txog rau tam sim no, txhua tus thawj coj tau raug xaiv "los ntawm saum toj," hais tias Yuri Temirkanov txog nws qhov kev xaiv tsa.
Nws yog thaum ntawd Temirkanov tsim ib qho ntawm nws cov hauv paus ntsiab lus: "Koj tsis tuaj yeem ua rau cov kws ntaus nkauj dig muag ua rau lwm tus neeg lub siab nyiam. Tsuas yog kev koom tes xwb, tsuas yog kev nco qab tias peb txhua tus ua ib qho kev sib koom ua ke, tuaj yeem muab cov txiaj ntsig xav tau. Thiab nws tsis tas yuav tos ntev. Raws li kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Yu.Kh. Temirkanov, txoj cai thiab muaj koob meej ntawm St. Petersburg Philharmonic nce txawv txawv. Xyoo 1996 nws tau lees paub tias yog lub koom haum kev hais kwv txhiaj zoo tshaj plaws hauv tebchaws Russia.
Yuri Temirkanov tau ua yeeb yam nrog ntau lub ntiaj teb loj tshaj plaws symphony orchestras: Philadelphia Orchestra, Concertgebouw (Amsterdam), Cleveland, Chicago, New York, San Francisco, Santa Cecilia, Philharmonic Orchestras: Berlin, Vienna, thiab lwm yam.
Txij li thaum xyoo 1979, Y. Temirkanov tau ua tus thawj coj qhua ntawm Philadelphia thiab London Royal Orchestras, thiab txij li xyoo 1992 nws tau ua thawj coj. Tom qab ntawd Yuri Temirkanov yog Tus Thawj Coj Tus Thawj Coj ntawm Dresden Philharmonic Orchestra (txij li xyoo 1994), Danish National Radio Symphony Orchestra (txij li xyoo 1998). Tom qab ua kev zoo siab rau hnub nyoog nees nkaum xyoo ntawm nws kev koom tes nrog London Royal Orchestra, nws tau tawm ntawm nws tus thawj coj, tuav lub npe ntawm Honorary Conductor ntawm pawg no.
Tom qab ua tub rog cov xwm txheej hauv Afghanistan, Y. Temirkanov tau los ua thawj tus thawj coj Lavxias mus ncig tebchaws Meskas raws li kev caw ntawm New York Philharmonic, thiab hauv 1996 hauv Rome nws tau ua kev hais kwv txhiaj jubilee hauv kev hwm ntawm 50th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm UN. Thaum Lub Ib Hlis 2000, Yuri Temirkanov tau los ua Tus Thawj Coj Tus Thawj Coj thiab Tus Thawj Coj Ua Yeeb Yam ntawm Baltimore Symphony Orchestra (USA).
Yuri Temirkanov yog ib tug ntawm cov loj tshaj conductors ntawm lub xyoo pua 60th. Tau hla qhov pib ntawm nws lub hnub yug thib XNUMX, tus maestro yog nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw muaj koob meej, koob meej thiab kev lees paub hauv ntiaj teb. Nws txaus siab rau cov neeg mloog nrog nws lub siab zoo, kev txiav txim siab muaj zog, qhov tob thiab qhov ntsuas ntawm kev ua tau zoo. "Qhov no yog tus neeg xyuas pib uas zais kev mob siab rau hauv qab lub ntsej muag nruj. Nws gestures feem ntau tsis xav txog, tab sis ib txwm txwv tsis pub, thiab nws txoj kev sculpting, shaping lub suab nrov nrog nws cov ntiv tes melodious ua rau ib tug grandiose orchestra tawm ntawm ntau pua tus neeg ntaus suab paj nruag" ("Eslain Pirene"). "Tag nrho ntawm kev ntxim nyiam, Temirkanov ua haujlwm nrog lub suab paj nruag uas nws lub neej, nws txoj haujlwm, thiab nws cov duab tau ua ke ... " ("La Stampa").
Temirkanov lub tswv yim style yog thawj thiab txawv los ntawm nws cov ci ntsa iab. Nws yog rhiab heev rau lub peculiarities ntawm tus cwj pwm ntawm composers ntawm txawv eras thiab subtly, inspiredly txhais lawv cov suab paj nruag. Nws qhov kev txawj ntse yog qhov txawv los ntawm tus neeg saib xyuas tus cwj pwm virtuoso, ua rau kev nkag siab tob ntawm tus sau lub hom phiaj. Lub luag hauj lwm ntawm Yuri Temirkanov nyob rau hauv kev txhawb nqa ntawm Lavxias teb sab classical thiab niaj hnub suab paj nruag yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv Russia thiab nyob rau hauv lwm lub teb chaws ntawm lub ntiaj teb no.
Lub peev xwm ntawm maestro tau yooj yim tsim kev sib cuag nrog txhua pab pawg suab paj nruag thiab ua tiav cov kev daws teeb meem ntawm kev ua haujlwm nyuaj tshaj plaws yog qhov qhuas.
Yuri Temirkanov tau sau ntau CDs. Xyoo 1988, nws tau kos npe rau daim ntawv cog lus tshwj xeeb nrog BMG cov ntaub ntawv sau npe. Cov discography uas nws kim heev suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv kaw tseg nrog Academic Symphony Orchestra ntawm Leningrad Philharmonic, nrog rau London Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, nrog New York Philharmonic…
Nyob rau hauv 1990, ua ke nrog Columbia Artists, Temirkanov tau sau ib Gala Concert mob siab rau 150th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm lub hnub yug ntawm PI Tchaikovsky, nyob rau hauv uas soloists Yo-Yo Ma, I. Perlman, J. Norman tau koom.
Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm S. Prokofiev cov suab paj nruag rau zaj duab xis "Alexander Nevsky" (1996) thiab D. Shostakovich's Symphony No. 7 (1998) tau raug xaiv tsa rau Sgatt nqi zog.
Yuri Temirkanov generously qhia nws cov kev txawj nrog cov tub ntxhais hluas conductors. Nws yog ib tug xib fwb ntawm St. Petersburg Conservatory muaj npe tom qab NA Rimsky-Korsakov, ib tug honorary professor ntawm ntau txawv teb chaws academies, nrog rau ib tug yawm tswv cuab ntawm lub US International Academy ntawm Sciences, kev lag luam, kev kawm ntawv thiab kos duab. Nws tsis tu ncua muab cov chav kawm master hauv Curtis Institute (Philadelphia), nrog rau ntawm Manhattan Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Suab paj nruag (New York), ntawm Academia Chighana (Siena, Ltalis).
Yu.Kh. Temirkanov - Neeg Artist ntawm lub USSR (1981), Neeg Artist ntawm RSFSR (1976), Tib neeg Artist ntawm Kabardino-Balkarian ASSR (1973), Honored Artist ntawm RSFSR (1971), ob zaug yeej ntawm USSR State Prizes (1976). , 1985), laureate ntawm lub xeev nqi zog ntawm RSFSR npe tom qab MI Glinka (1971). Nws tau txais qhov Orders of Lenin (1983), "Rau Merit to the Fatherland" III degree (1998), Bulgarian Order of Cyril thiab Methodius (1998).
Los ntawm qhov xwm txheej ntawm nws txoj haujlwm, Temirkanov yuav tsum sib txuas lus nrog cov neeg zoo tshaj plaws thiab ci ntsa iab, zoo heev hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws cov duab ntawm kab lis kev cai thiab kos duab. Nws txaus siab thiab txaus siab rau nws txoj kev phooj ywg nrog I. Menuhin, B. Pokrovsky, P. Kogan, A. Schnittke, G. Kremer, R. Nureyev, M. Plisetskaya, R. Shchedrin, I. Brodsky, V. Tretyakov, M. . Rostropovich , S. Ozawa thiab ntau lwm tus kws ntaus suab paj nruag thiab ua yeeb yam.
Nyob thiab ua haujlwm hauv St.
